匍匐性矮牽牛葉片和花瓣培養與植株之再生

Callus Induction and Shoot Bud Formation from Leaf and Petal Explants of Trailing Petunia

匍匐性矮牽牛Petunia integrifolia和'Surfinia'之葉片或花瓣。培殖體在含2,4-D及BA的MS培養基形成可繼代的癒傷組織在葉癒傷組織，以第3對及第4對展開葉產生的癒傷組織的鮮重較重，展開葉片之葉尖部位發生褐化率最高，而葉片基部所得癒傷組織生長指數較高。葉片培養以面積0.25平方公分之培殖體所得癒傷組織鮮重量較多。P. integrifolia的葉片以0.5 mg/l-1.0 mg/l 2,4-D所產生的癒傷組織最多，鮮重量較大。'Surfinia'以0.5 g/l 2,4-D或0.5mg/l BA添加1.0mg/l 2,4-D，生長指數較高。花瓣培養以花朵開展前Ⅳ階段所得之癒傷組織生長指數較高。花瓣分上、中、下3種部位，其中以基部產生的癒傷組織最多，2種花瓣置均於含有0.5 mg/l BA添加2.0mg/l 2,4-D之培養基所產生的癒傷組織較佳。至於葉片和花瓣癒傷組織的芽體再生，培養於含0.5 ～1.0 mg/l BA之培養基產生芽體數最多。

Leaf discs and petal pieces of trailing Petunia Integrifolia and P. hybrida 'Surfinia' cultured on the basal medium consisting a commercial formula of Murashige and Skoog（MS）were studied. Higher fresh weight of callus was obtained from the third and the forth leaf of the plants while the tips of fully expanded leaf explants showed the highest browning rate. The highest growth index was obtained from the leaf base while higher fresh weight and growth index were obtained from 0.25 cm2 leaf area. Higher fresh weight of callus and callus induction were obtained from P. Integrifolia leaf discs cultured with addition of 0.5-1.0 mg/l 2,4-D in the medium while a higher growth index of ‘Surfinia’ was obtained from the supplement of 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D or 0.5 mg/l BA + 0.5mg/l 2,4-D in the medium. The petals culture showed that the explants obtained from Ⅳstage before anthesis gave the highest growth index and the basal parts of the petals yielded the highest callus when compared to middle and apical parts. Both cultivars responded to the addition of 0.5mg/l BA + 2.0mg/l 2,4-D with positive effects in petal culture. The medium contained 0.5-1.0mg/l BA gave the most successful shoot regeneration and proliferation in leaf disc and petal callus culture.