高溫對辣椒柱頭長度及著果的影響

The Style Length and Fruit Set of Hot Pepper in Response to High Temperature

為探討辣椒品系的耐熱特性，本試驗以1997年夏天所選出的辣椒品系'86-1'和'86-3'•及具耐熱性的對照品種生生三號''在人工氣候室以2s12o·c、3012s·c和3513o·c處理·進行研究。所有參試品系的花粉活力隨溫度處理的上升而下降。'86-3'於高溫下的著果率不因花粉活力下降而下降，仍維持77%以上，顯示可能具單為結果的特性，而'86-1'在3513o·c處理下觀察到柱頭短縮造成內陷花柱·相較於二參試品系，＇生生三號的花粉活力在各處理中稍高，但花柱長短與相對位置則不太受溫度影囓。比較1998年夏季田間產量表現，顯示'86-3'的耐熱特性可能與單為結果及分岔數高有關；'86-1'則是與高溫逆境下柱頭短縮有關.'生生三號田間夏季產量的驟減可能肇因於花粉活力下降。

The objective of this study was to characterize the heat tolerance of selected hot pepper lines from the summer of 1997. Lines'86-1'and'86-3', along with cv.'EG N0.3'as control, were planted in the phytotrons at 25/20'C, 30/25'C, and 35/30'C. The pollen viab山tyof all the tested lines decreased as the temperature increased. The high fruit set of'86-3'remained at 35/30'C, regardless of low pollen viability indicated that 86-3'might have the character of parthenocarpy. Line'86-1'was observed with inserted style at 35/30'C The pollen viability of cv.'EG N0.3'was slightly higher than that of other lines at all treatments, and temperature had no effect on its style length and stigma relative position. As indicated by the yield of the summer of 1998 in the field, the heat tolerance of'86-3'might be due to the parthenocarpy and higher dichotomous branching, and that of'86-2'might be relevant to the shortening of style length in response to high temperature. The dramatic decrease of cv.'EG N0.3'summer yield might be mainly caused by the decline of the pollen viability.