應用逢機增殖多型性去氧核醣核酸（RAPD）標誌於茭白（Zizanialatifolia Turcz.）品種與其黑穗茵（Ustilago esculenta P. Henn.）系之鑑別

Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers to Identify the Clones of Coba (Zizania latifolia Turcz.) and their Ustilago esculenta P. Henn.

取赤殼、有殼及敢當芒種茭白品種，及分別由其筍部分離所得之三種黑穗菌之DNA進行逢機增殖多型性去氧核醣核酸（RAPD, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA）法分析。由葉部DNA擴增之條帶，未見品種間有多型性存在。筍部擴增之DNA共255條，其中青殼筍獨具之條帶有5條，不定出現在各品種筍部之多型條帶有6條。筍及葉部DNA共擴增得260條帶，其中同時出現之條帶有217條，另38條為筍部特有，5條為葉部特有。黑穗菌系共得267條帶·其中三種菌系均有之條帶有73條，'青殼黑穗菌系獨有106條，敢當黑穗菌系獨有24條，赤殼盡穗菌系獨有21條，可供品種鑑別而在三種黑穗菌系不定出現之多型條帶有43條。分析結果頵示三品種葉部DNA無歧異度，筍DNA間之歧異度在1.0-2.2%間，葉對筍之歧異度在7.1-8.8%問。而由三個品種所分離之黑穗菌歧異度在31.4%-43.8%間，茭白在結筍前植株性狀不易匿分，與測得之葉部DNA分析結果一致，而筍部DNA則有大的差異，故推測茭白筍之品種特注主要應源自菌系的差異。

All 60 random primers packed in OPN, OPT primer kits were used in the RAPD analysis to identify three cultivars of coba called'Che-ko''Ching-ko' and Gan-dang' which were selected from'Ching-ko' Tested DNA were extrated from leaf, the swollen stem call'suun' and correlated Ustilago esculenta lines which were isolated from'suun'tissues in PDA media. The DNA of leaf amplified 222 monomorphic bands. The DNA of 'suun' amplified 255 bands, among them there were 5 bands specific to 'Ching-ko', 6 polymorphic bands, and other244 monomorphic bands. There were 217 bands common in leaf and'suun', 38 specific bands in'suun', the other 5 specific bands in leaf, and hence total 260 bands in leaf and'suun' Total 267 bands were amplified by Ustilago esculenta P. Henn. DNA, including 73 monomorphoic and 43 polymorphic bands. The other I 06 bands specific to Ustilago esculenta P. Henn. From'Ching-ko', 24bands specific to'Gan-dang', and 21 bands specific to'Che-ko'.The diversity was 1.2% between'Chin-ko suun' and'Gan-dang suun', 2.2% between'Ching-ko suun'and'Che-ko suun', and 1.0% between'Gan-dang suun' and'Che-ko suun'. The diversity between leaves and swollen stems of'Ching-ko','Gan-dang'and'Che-ko' were 8.8%, 8.1 %, and 7.1 %, respectively. The diversity of Ustilago esculenta P. Henn. was 49.5% between 'Ching-ko' and 'Gan-dang', was 43.8% between 'Ching-ko' and 'Che-ko' and was 31.4% between 'Ching-ko'and'Che-ko'.It was hard to distinguish the three cul ti vars simply by plant characters before stem swollen and RAPD analysis showed the coincidence with no difference of data from leaf DNA. fn other words, the DNA of leaves from 3 cultivars showed the same results meant three were little differences or even no difference among the three Coba cultivars. The characters of cultivars mainly came from the functions of fungi.