花青素與花色之表現

Anthocyanins and Flower Color Expression

創新花色是花卉育種的主要目標之一，而花青素（anthocyanins）是影響花色最主要的化學成份，藉由對花青素與花色表現關係的瞭解，將有助於吾人對花色變異的掌握，而有助於花色育種之進行。影響花色表現的因子包括花青素的種類與濃度、花青素結構之取代作用、所處環境之pH值、金屬離子的嵌合作用、共色素的種類等，因此若能利用前述特性，組合控制胞液pH值、花青素與共色素濃度比及花青素濃度等特性，或利用含有類黃素類的共色素之種原做為育種材料，應可另闢一條創新花色的途徑。

With breeding programs designed for the introduction of new flower color, it is recommended to pay more attention to the effects of anthocyanin compounds on the flower color expression. Factors discussed here that affecting pigmentation include anthocyanin structures, pH value in cell sap of petals, co-pigmentation, metal chelates, the shape of epidermal cells, and so on. It is suggested that desired colors may also be created by recombining factors controlling pH, anthocyanin concentrations, and the molar ratios of copigment to anthocyanin, or utilizing the occurrence of flavonoid copigments within the available germplasm.