底部灌溉系統對六種觀葉植物生長之影響

Growth of Six Foliage Plants in Subirrigation Systems

本研究以圓葉山蘇花、西瓜皮椒草、白玉萬年菁、斑葉鵝掌藤、電信蘭與人參榕等觀葉植物為材料，以底部灌溉方式，探討不同營養液過度對其生長和葉片礦物元素含量之影響，並比較潮汐灌溉與傳統澆灌方式之產量品質。結果顯示：適合西瓜皮椒草之養液濃度為半量Johnson氏完全營養液；圓葉山蘇花、白玉萬年育和斑葉鵝掌藤為2／3~全量養液；人參榕和電信蘭以全濃度營養液處理生長較佳。潮汐灌溉系統採半量Johnson氏營養液，較澆灌處理施全量營養液節省肥料用量，且無逕流損失。除圓葉山蘇花外，其餘供試植物皆以潮汐灌溉系統處理之植株生長和品質優於澆灌方式處理。組織分析顯示，潮汐灌溉處理植株之葉片礦物元素含量多在前人研究品質良好之觀葉植物含量範圍內。

Comparative growth and tissue analyses were determined in Asplenium nidus 'Avis', Peperomia sandersii 'Argyreia', Dieffenbachia 'Hawaii Snow', Schefflera odorata 'Variegata', Monstera deliciosa and Ficus retusa (seedling) grown in a subirrigation method with three nutrient levels, and in top-watering and ebb-and-flow systems. Good quality plants of Peperomia are obtained by fertilizing with a half-strength of Johnson's solution, as compared with Asplenium, Dieffenbachia and Schefflera by 2/3 to a full-strength solution. In contrast, a full-strength solution is required for the production of Ficus and Monstera as diluted nutrients resulted in slower plant growth. More fertilizer is applied in the top-watering system, as compared with zero runoff and recirculating a half strength of Johnson's solution in the ebb-and-flow system. However, except for Asplenium, better growth for all treated plants are seen in the ebb-and-flow system. Foliar uutrient levels are similar for plants in the ebb-and-flow system in the experiments constructed here and published sufficiency ranges for the same plants, with good quality, being analyzed.