利用逢機增殖DNA片段對花椰菜和青花菜F1品種及親本遺傳變異性的研究

Using RAPD Markers to Study Genetic Variation Among F1 Hybrids and Their Parents of Broccoli and Cauliflower

以12個不同花椰菜及青花菜品種（包括7個親本及5個F1的商業品種）為材料，並以黃花芥藍為對照，進行逢機增殖DNA片段的分析。由9個寡核苷酸鏈所產生的95個DNA條帶（RAPD markers），有2個為黃花芥藍所特有，17個為花椰菜及青花菜所共有，3個為青花菜所有，8個為單一樣本所有，其它65個為多型性條帶，可以用來分辨不同的樣本。利用Jaccard方法所求出不同樣本之間的相似度及UPGMA方法所建立出來親緣關係圖，顯示青花菜和花椰菜可分為兩群，其F1品種和其親本之間的關係也可以由此結果顯現出來。而不同樣本之間的遺傳變異雖然也和樣本之間形態上差異有正相關，但不同樣本遺傳上的差異性，有些也非完全可以由形態上差異可分別的出來。

With Brassica olercea var. alboglabra as an outgroup, twelve accessions of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L.) and cauliflower (B. oleracea L. var. italica) (including F1 hybrids and their parents) are analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Ninety five DNA markers are generated by nine oligonucleotide primers, two are specific for Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra, eight are accession specific, seventeen are monomorphic for both cauliflower and broccoli, three are monomorphic for broccoli, and sixty five are polymorphic for both broccoli, and cauliflower. Using UPGMA analysis, twelve accessions can be divided into two groups with one belonging to cauliflower and the other to broccoli. The result of phylogenetic relationship is clearly correlated to morphological difference. However, one accession of broccoli is shown to have greater genetic di stance to other accessions of broccoli than to some accessions of cauliflower.