由居民環境態度觀點探討不寧適公共設施的環境衝突──以台中市垃圾焚化廠設置過程為例

Resident's Environmental Attitude and Environmental Conflict of Noxious Facilities - A Case Study of Refuse Incineration Plants in Taichung City -

居民對環境的態度不同對於不寧適公共設施所產生的環境衝突感受是不同的，能深入瞭解居民的觀點有助於處理協商問題與化解衝突抗爭。台灣一連串的環保抗爭事件，其協商過程值得深入探討。本研究採用文獻及訪談記錄資料以編輯方式整理事件衝突過程，並透過問卷調查進行研究。研究結果發現：1.不寧適設施計畫所引發的衝突，缺乏明智的協商或較為理想的「回饋計畫」，常不能針對不寧適計畫影響環境的部份，引導與落實到環境改善的層次。2.屬於不同態度群之居民其背景及對事件觀點有所不同。但是政府部門常以鄰近地區的行政範圍作為制定回饋計畫的基礎，導致浪費或不公平的處理；反不如以居民的環境態度著眼針對問題看法提出解決方案。從另一個角度來看，人們的態度較易透過教育與遊說的方式來進行溝通。3.政府部門透過民意調查掌握居民的態度與其行為傾向，較易進行回饋方案的擬定。

A series of negotiation process of environmental confrontations in Taiwan deserves our attention. Understanding the general attitude of the surrounding neighborhoods and using skilled persuasion before installating the incinerator could greatly reduce the conflict. We re-examined all past conflicts through reviewing relevent documentations. We also constructed two surveys by using sturctured questionaires. One of which was passed on to the community administrators and the other was given to the local vesidents. Results are: 1. There haven't been well-cwonsidered feed-back project inall cases of environmental impact in Taiwan. 2. Education is a good way to change the views of neighborhoods toward the installation of incinerators. 3. The usage of persuasion project, is needed to change and attitude of the surrounding neighborhoods toward the installation of incinerators.