盆缽大小、栽培介質及施肥量對蘆筍幼苗生長及菌根反應之影響

Effect of Pot Size, Culture Media and Fertilizer Application on the Growth of Asparagus Seedlings and Mycorrhizal Reaction

蘆筍（Asparagus Officinalis L. cv. Tai Nan Selection #3）育苗四個月，盆缽愈大生長愈佳，若接種菌根菌，則可促進蘆筍幼苗生長，但盆缽大者菌根感染率低。本實驗使用的三種介質（根基旺、泥炭苔＋蛭石＋稻草堆肥、泥炭苔＋蛭石＋樹皮堆肥）對蘆筍生長的影響並不顯著，但會影響蘆筍的菌根感染率，其中以添加樹皮堆肥的介質，菌根感染率最低，根基旺次之，而添加稻草堆肥者菌根感染率最高。肥料試驗中，以花寶4號對蘆筍的生長較佳。其次為台肥1號液體肥料。但台肥1號液體肥料建議每週至少施用二次。所有肥料處理，接種菌根菌對三個月大的苗並無促進生長的作用，至四個月時菌根植株才明顯的優於非菌根植株。此外接種菌根的植株其地下部／地上部之比值通常比非菌根植株低，表示菌根對地上部生長的促進效果大於對地下部生長的促進效果。

The larger the size of the pot, the better was the growth of 4-month-old asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L. cv.TS-3) seedlings. Mycorrhizal inoculation could enhance the growth of asparagus seedlings. Asparagus seedlings growing in larger pot showed lower mycorrhizal infection rate than there in smaller pots. Three growth media were compared for the growth of asparagus seedlings. The results showed that there was no significant difference on the growth of asparagus, but the mycorrhizal infection rate were differed. Among them, the mycorrhizal infection rate was highest in rice-straw compost amended medium (peatmoss: vermiculite: rice-straw compost=1:1:1 (v/v/v)), than Gen-chi-Wan medium (Peatmoss: vermiculite: perlite: chichen manure=4:4:2:1 (v/v/v/v)) or bark compost medium (peatmoss: vermiculite: bark compost=1:1:1 (v/v/v)). In the fertilizer test, the application of Hyponex No.4 (25-5-20) once per week resulted in the best growth of 4-month-old asparagus seedlings. Tai-Fei liquid fertilizer No.1 (12-6-6) was the next, but should be applied twice per week. Inoculation with Glomus etunicatum did not enhance the growth of asparagus seedlings up to 3 months, but after 4 months the growth of mycorrhizal inoculated seedlings was better than the non-mycorrhizal seedlings. Besides, the ratio of crown: fern of the mycorrhizal plants was lower than the non-mycorrhizal plants.