《呂氏春秋》與《淮南子》的感應思維

The Thinking of Resonance (Kan-Ying) in Lu Shi Chun Qiu and Huai-nan Tzu

《呂氏春秋》與《淮南子》是秦漢時期以道家哲學為主軸的兩部重要典籍。本文扣緊「感應」思維、以及其所涉及的義理問題，嘗試分析與探討呈現在這兩部著作中的感應論述，而希望能對這個議題展開稍進一步的思索。本文首先解釋「感應」觀念之義涵，接著指出感應思維所關注的哲學問題重點，然後以此理解為背景，開始分析《呂氏春秋》以「類同」為基本規定的「精氣」感應論述，以及探討《淮南子》從氣類相動到天人感通的感應思想，並且重點指出繼承《呂氏春秋》的「用意」、致「誠」等，足以獲致感應最大效果的主體修為之外，而為後者所較詳細強調的「無為」、「虛靜」等功夫涵養。最後，本文則是針對與感應思維有關的「歷時性」（Diachrony）與「同時性」（Synchronicity）二概念，進行初步論究，藉以揭出在感應思維之領域內所可能開發的其他研究課題。

Based on Taoism, Lu shi chun qiu and Huai-nan tzu are two classics of the Qin and Han dynasties. This study is centered on the thinking regarding ”Resonance” (Kan-Ying) and the philosophical views it involves. The study also analyzes and discusses the statements of resonant thinking in these two literary texts to offer an insight into this issue.Starting with explaining the concept of ”Resonance”, the study then points out the philosophical issues that resonant thinking focuses on. In this context, the study analyses the resonant statement of ”Essence-Energy” (Jing-Qi), which is a fundamental principle of ”similarity and sameness” in Lu shi chun qiu. Then, it discusses the resonant thought of the ”joint movement of Energy” and ”Communication between humans and the universe” in Huai-nan tzu. In addition, it illustrates that the inherited concepts of ”single-hearted devotion” and ”complete sincerity” can achieve the maximum effect of resonance in Lu shi chun qiu, and the idea that the ”complete sincerity” emphasizes the ability to exercise ”non-action” and to maintain ”emptiness-tranquility” in detail.Finally, the study explores the concepts of ”Diachrony” and ”Synchronicity” related to resonant thinking so as to develop some other possible issues of philosophical research in the field of resonant thinking.