中日體驗與跨文化視域──析論魏清德和吳濁流域外紀行

Sino-Japanese Experiences and Cross-cultural Perspectives: An Analysis on the Overseas Travel Notes of Wei Ching-De and Wu Chuo-Liu

同為日治時期台灣報人魏清德（1886－1964）和吳濁流（1900－1976），兩人皆有多篇域外紀行之作，其中尤以近鄰的日本和中國體驗最為豐富，諸如魏清德〈南清遊覽紀錄〉（1911）、〈東遊見聞錄〉（1913）、〈旅閩雜感〉（1915－1916）〈東遊紀略〉（1935）、〈滿鮮遊記〉（1936）等；以及吳濁流《南京雜感》（1942）、〈東遊雜感〉（1965）、〈東遊雅趣〉（1971）等等，皆是立足台灣，而廣涉日本、中國之跨文化觀感。在異域／本土、輸入／流動、交會／衝擊等體驗對比關係項中，突顯兩人體察中、日、台文化實際效能，以臻「新民」與「進化」論的記者心事。然而在文化遭遇中必然也經過不同主體意識的篩選、過濾，甚至改裝後的種種現代化體驗。「體驗」原關乎個體的生命存在方式，魏清德和吳濁流的中日體驗，因而也有各自表述、想像的歷史情境與文化視域。

Encounters of exchange between different cultures usually involve the conveyance and transformation of concepts, perspectives, and other forms of knowledge. Wei Ching-De and Wu Chuo-Liu were both journalists in Taiwan during the Japanese colonial period, and both wrote many overseas travel notes. Their travel experiences in neighboring countries, namely Japan and China, were particularly abundant. The contrasting relationships of foreign land/locality, input/flow, and interaction/impact, highlight the writers' perceptions towards the cultural effectiveness of Chinese, Japanese, and Taiwanese cultures, as well as their thoughts about “new citizenry” and “evolution” as journalists. However, in their cultural encounters, they also inevitably filtered out different forms of subjective consciousness, and even embellished various experiences of modernization. The act of experiencing is primarily linked with an individual's way of life or existence. As such, individuals possess different cultural perspectives of self-expression/ concept.