一例一休實施後照顧服務員健康相關生活品質追蹤研究

Health-Related Quality of Life Among Caregivers: Implementation of the 'One Mandatory Day Off and One Flexible Rest Day Per Week' Policy

目的：追蹤照顧服務員一例一休實施後，健康相關生活品質改變情形，並分析其可能原因，以提出具體建議供相關單位參考。方法：以臺灣簡明版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷短版（WHOQOL-BREF）及對應題項之重要度量表，於一例一休實施第8個月及第14個月時調查照顧服務員生活品質滿意度與重要度概況，並以重要性績效分析法，瞭解照顧服務員健康相關生活品質改變情形。結果：1.照顧服務員以女性（76.3％）、51歲以上（54.2％）、高中職（49.2％）、有宗教信仰（74.6％）者居多。2.滿意度追蹤前、後測結果分數最低為心理範疇中「您享受生活嗎？」。3.重要度追蹤前、後測結果分數最高為環境範疇中「在日常生活中，感到安全嗎？」。結論：一例一休制度可能造成照顧服務員在心理及環境調適較有難度，本研究照顧服務員可能因該制度造成精神緊繃及感受到環境的壓迫而無法真正的享受生活。單位主管更應主動關心照顧服務員的健康狀況，透過多互動、溝通及了解其感受與需求，並營造友善的支持環境。

Objectives: The main purposes of this study were to track the health-related quality of life of caregivers in nursing homes and determine changes after implementation of the 'one mandatory day off and one flexible rest day per week' policy. Methods: Data were collected using the Taiwanese version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire and analyzed by referring to the important metrics of the corresponding items. Results: (1) Most of the caregivers were women, were over 51 years old (54.2%), had high school education (49.2%), and were religious (74.6%). (2) The lowest satisfaction score in the pretest and posttest was for the question 'Do you enjoy life?' in the psychological domain. (3) The highest score of importance in the pretest and posttest was for the question 'In daily life, do you feel safe?' in the environmental domain. Conclusion: Implementation of the one mandatory day off and one flexible rest day per week' policy may be make it difficult for caregivers to adjust in terms of psychological and environmental aspects. This study revealed that caregivers could not enjoy their lives due to tension and pressure. Supervisors should be more concerned with monitoring caregivers' health status, having more interactions with them, understanding their feelings and needs, and creating a more friendly and supportive environment.