正念於慢性病個案健康促進行為之應用──微笑策略

Application of Mindfulness-Based Health-Promotion Behavior in People With Chronic Diseases: SMILE Strategy

慢性病常衝擊個案生活品質，造成合併症、死亡率與醫療成本上升。世界衛生組織提出正念是個重要的策略，能促進慢性病個案轉換他們的情況，擴展心的彈性與調適能力來執行健康促進行為。筆者整理文獻提出正向之微笑策略，包括始於（starting）專注當下、激發（motivating）個案覺察自己行為與內、外在環境互動的經驗感受、個人（individual）健康信念的發展、學習（learning）正念的健康促進行為、評值（evaluating）正念成效與自我調節。這樣的微笑策略是一股力量，化為前進動力，使個案身心合一，能微笑的與慢性病和平共存，對生活處之泰然。正念是個抽象的概念，本文將提供健康專業人員正念介入的參考。

Chronic diseases often impact the quality of life of the patient, causing complications and increased mortality and medical costs. The World Health Organization proposed applying mindfulness as an important strategy to help transform the situation faced by chronic disease cases and to promote their mental flexibility and adaptability. The author reviewed the related literature on mindfulness and introduces the “SMILE” strategy in this article. This strategy includes several stages, including 1) Starting where I am, 2) Motivating patients to become self-aware of the experience of self and internal and external environment interactions, 3) Developing individual health beliefs, 4) Learning mindfulness-based health-promotion behaviors, 5) Evaluating the efficacy of mindfulness-based health-promotion behaviors and self-regulation. SMILE is a powerful strategy with the potential to promote patient wellbeing, acceptance of the need to coexist with chronic disease, and freedom. Mindfulness is an abstract concept. This article provides a reference on mindfulness intervention for healthcare providers.