女性對玻璃天花板之看法在女性人格特質與其主觀事業成就關係中的中介效應

The Mediating Effect of Glass Ceiling Beliefs in the Relationship between Women's Personality Traits and Their Subjective Career Success

投入職場的女性人數日益增加，她們於組織生產力扮演重要的角色。然而，男性在職場中仍掌握強勢主導權，不論是已開發或開發中國家，依舊存在玻璃天花板效應及其他人為屏障，阻礙女性取得高階管理職位。本文以樂觀主義與悲觀主義推論，並提出以下假說：女性的人格特質和其對玻璃天花板的看法與其主觀事業成就具關聯性。我們所提出模型為：女性對玻璃天花板的看法可能屬下列四種：否認其存在、適應其存在並克服其所帶來的困難、接受其存在且不做抵抗、承認其存在並轉而追求職場以外的目標。這四種態度在模型中於女性人格特質與女性主觀事業成就具中介效果，並與這兩者互相影響、調和。本論文的模型對於女性係如何克服潛在的玻璃天花板效應以取得事業成就在理論及應用上皆具意涵。

Nowadays, the number of women working in organizations is growing, and they play a vital role in organizational productivity. However, male dominance in the workplace is still strong, and the glass ceiling effect, or the artificial barriers that prevent female employees from reaching top-level management positions, exists in both developed and developing countries. In this article, we use the theory of optimism and pessimism and propose that women's personality traits are related to their glass ceiling beliefs and subjective career success. Specifically, we propose the model in which glass ceiling beliefs in the forms including denial, resilience, acceptance, and resignation mediate the relationship between women's Big Five personality traits and their subjective career success. Our model has both theoretical and practical implications regarding how women may achieve their career success in organizations by overcoming the possible glass ceiling effect.