論花東卜辭同版異文現象

On Tongban Yiwen, Variant Forms of the Oracular Inscriptions on Same Oracle Bones, from Huayuanzhuang East

「同版異文」即指在同版甲骨中的同一個字具有兩種以上的不同寫法。「同版異文」是花東卜辭普遍存在的現象。本文全面檢視《殷墟花園莊東地甲骨》561版甲骨，歸納整理出花東卜辭同版異文的類型共五種：1.筆畫異寫異文，共7字；2.構形繁省異文，共41字；3.構形異向異文，共48字；4.構形異位異文，共52字；5.構形異構異文，共5字。其中有部分異文屬於花東卜辭特有的或原定為晚出的形體，這類異文應屬於花東卜辭書寫者嘗試創造出的測試字形，有的字形被成功沿用，有的則失敗淘汰。由花東卜辭複雜的同版異文現象，可知花東甲骨字形尚處於多變而不穩定的階段，同時也透露出花東卜辭刻手對於文字靈活多變，極富創意性的改造。

Tong2ban3 (same piece of oracle bone) Yi4wen2 (variant forms of a character), a feature that a character inscribed in two or more forms on one same piece of oracle bone, is widely found among the oracular inscriptions from Huayuanzhuang East (or HuaDong for short). This paper aims to conduct a thorough examination on the inscriptions of the total 561 pieces from ＂Huayuanzhuang East Oracle Bones＂ and group those variant forms into five categories: 1) stroke difference 2) stroke omission 3) direction difference 4) radical position difference and 5) structure difference. Some of the variant forms are only found in HuaDong oracular inscriptions or originally considered as characters that were formed later. These forms can be believed to be test forms created by the HuaDong oracular inscriptions writers. Some have been successfully passed on while others have failed. In view of the feature Tongban Yiwen, HuaDong oracular inscription forms can be known to be rather changeable and its writers creative in terms of trying new forms for characters.