魯實先先生「方名繁文例」析探——以从「口」之字為例

An Analysis and Studies about Mr. Lu Shi-xian's ＂Examples of Fang Ming Fan Wen＂ -With Characters Consist Of Component ＂口＂ As Study Object

本文以魯實先先生在《假借遡源》、〈卜辭姓氏通釋之一〉、〈卜辭姓氏通釋之二〉、〈卜辭姓氏通釋之三〉當中提出的「方名繁文例」之理論作為基礎，先釐清「方名繁文」的定義與其種類，再由其中較為系統性討論的〈卜辭姓氏通釋之三〉一文所搜集之甲骨文字形諸例，逐項查對原拓片與辭例來觀察魯先生所舉之例證，是否能夠證成其理論。从「口」諸字乃是「方名繁文例」當中的一大重點，魯先生由卜人之名的考釋出發，分析其所從屬的偏旁部件，間以銅器銘文作為輔證，尋找出卜辭中凡人地之名所具有的共同部件，並解釋其所具有的文化内涵。但〈卜辭姓氏通釋之三〉當中所有从「口」部件之字，共計八十四例，此外尚有數例變體，本文限於篇幅，僅擇其文義明顯而例證較多者覆查分析，所有「方名繁文例」的逐項完整考釋，則有待於將來進一步的研究。

The theoretical basis of this thesis is base on the theory about ＂Examples of Fang Ming Fan Wen＂, propose by Mr. Lu Shi-xian, in his book named ＂Jia Jie Su Yuan＂, and his theses ＂Explanation of Bu Ci Xing Shi 1^(st)＂, ＂Explanation of Bu Ci Xing Shi 2^(nd)＂, and ＂Explanation of Bu Ci Xing Shi 3^(rd)＂. First of all, this article will make a clarification on definition and types of ＂Fang Ming Fan Wen＂. After that make those Jia Gu Wen collected in ＂Explanation of Bu Ci Xing Shi 3^(rd)＂, since it is rather systematic, as the object of study, compare and verify each and every one of those Jia Gu Wen with its original source, in order to examine whether or not Mr. Lu's examples is able to proof his theory. Those characters which consist of the component ＂口＂, serve as a major focus in ＂Examples of Fang Ming Fan Wen＂. Mr. Lu use peoples' name from Bu Ci as study object, and Ming Wen as support, to analyze the component of those characters, in order to find out the common component from characters of peoples' and places' name, also explain the cultural connotation possess by those component. There were eighty-four examples of characters with the component ＂口＂ in ＂Explanation of Bu Ci Xing Shi 3^(rd)＂, also there were a few variants, due to limited space in this thesis, only those examples with obvious significance and more evidence will be examine and analyze. As for a complete examine of each and every characters of ＂Examples of Fang Ming Fan Wen＂, will be pending for further research in the future.