| 英文摘要 |
Transfusion represented one of the major risks for hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission in the past; however, in the last few decades, the implementation of vaccination and chemotherapy programs together with blood safety measures has contributed to a continual reduction in the risk for transfusion-mediated HBV infection. Paradoxically, the efforts to improve transfusion security may have the unintended but inevitable effect on spawning future insecurity, i.e., vaccine- and drug-induced HBV mutants may complicate diagnostic testings and thus screening strategies have to be developed accordingly. Fortunately, recent advances in cellular immunotherapies and the related research hold a great promise and give hope that a functional cure for HBV may be obtained for chronic and even occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) cases for which no drug are currently available. Although much of this work is still in its infancy, the blood components (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) are the primary source materials and its impact has already been felt. The overarching goal of this paper is to review these recent advances derived from the intercalating interplay between the virus and blood, which, although they seem to evolve differently in their own pathways, the evolutions converge in one very important point - they all support the view that the patients' own immunity is probably the best construct to cope with HBV. As described here, incorporating aspects of adoptive cell therapies in addition to the current sets of vaccine and chemotherapeutic regimen has the potential to significantly advance our ability in controlling HBV infections. It is convincing enough that, the blood components, once representing an emergent viral threat in blood transfusion, may become otherwise a powerful tool to kick the virus out of the patients through immunologically genetic modifications. |
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