住宅租擁、世代組成與家計儲蓄間關係之探討──以台灣家計收支調查為對象的分析

Relation and Interaction of Tenure Choice, Household Composition, and Household Savings-Evidence from Taiwanese Household Survey

台灣的家計儲蓄率及住宅擁有率在全球名列前茅，而家庭儲蓄行為及住宅租擁選擇其實和家庭的世代組成密不可分；本研究的目的，是希望透過詳細個體資料的整理分析，觀察台灣家計單位的儲蓄，在不同的家庭人口結構與住宅租擁選擇的交互影響下，所呈現的個別趨勢，並嘗試估計各種不同家庭結構下可能的強迫儲蓄水準。本研究的主要貢獻，是把家庭的儲蓄行為和住宅租擁選擇依照世代組成區分為不同的子樣本分析，並證實人口結構是決定家庭經濟行為的重要因素。估計結果發現，擁屋貸款家庭的儲蓄水準和為了擁有房屋的強迫儲蓄水準相近，特別是二代家庭，其家庭儲蓄和強迫儲蓄相等。而租屋家庭的儲蓄，在一代家庭有半數是強迫儲蓄，但是二代和三代只有少部份是強迫儲蓄。

Taiwan has lately been noted for her astonishingly high household saving rate and housing ownership rate, and thus, it is not a surprise to know that the saving decision and the tenure choice depend greatly on the household composition. The purpose of this study is, through the analysis of detailed micro data, to examine different patterns of household saving behaviors under the interaction of various household compositions and tenure choices. Moreover, we have also attempted to estimate forced savings for households with distinct compositions. Contribution of this study is to analyze the saving decision and the tenure choice in accordance with sub-samples taken from various types of household compositions, and further prove that the household structure is crucial in determining the household behavior. Moreover, we find out that forced savings and savings are about the same for owners with loan payments; in particular, the two-generation-family owners show identical savings and forced savings. Nevertheless, about half of the savings is of forced savings for the one-generation-family renters, while only very limited savings is of forced savings for the two- and three-generation-family renters.