常州詞派建構之樞紐──論董士錫之詞學活動

The Pivot of the Chang-Zhou Ci Poetry School - A Study on Dong Shi-Xi's Ci Activities

常州詞派引起中晚清詞壇之廣大迴響，在清詞史上佔有重要之地位。常州詞派的網絡主要以張惠言之師友群體為核心，逐漸向外拓展而形成，現今研究根據此這條脈絡，以重要詞人為點，架構常派的概貌。在張惠言後，周濟被列為第一重要詞家，但周濟不屬於張氏之師友群體，如何能成為承繼張說之首要詞家？其實，將這沒有交集之兩人繫連起來的中介橋樑，即是張惠言的外甥董士錫。部分研究者雖注意到董士錫，卻未有深入的分析。本論文將聚焦於董士錫，將其置入嘉道時期之時空，說明其詞學活動之傳承與影響主要表現在三方面：其一，董士錫對老師張惠言的繼承。其二，啟發友朋周濟進入常州詞派。其三，藉由家學傳於其子董毅。成功的延續了常州詞派的發展。

Chang-Zhou Ci poetry school aroused deep-resounding echoes and therefore played an important role in the history of Qing Ci Poetry in the mid- and late Qing Ci circle. The network of Chang-Zhou Ci school network was formed mainly by Zhang Hui-Yen and friends, and was then gradually extended to other Ci writers. This thesis is based on this network to construct the general view of Chang-Zhou school by focusing on important Ci writers. After Zhang Hui-Yen, Zhou Ji was considered as the most important Ci writer, but he didn't belong to the group of Zhang Hui-Yen. How could he become the most important Ci writer who inherited Zhang's style? In fact, the one who bridged these two writers, who were not familiar with each other, was Zhang's nephew, Dong Shi-Xi. Although some researchers noticed him, but in-depth analyses are still needed to be done. This thesis will focus on Dong in the period of Jia-Dao period to demonstrate that his Ci heritage and influence were mainly shown in three aspects: first, how Dong inherited his teacher's style; secondly, how he inspired his friend Zhou Ji to join Chang-Zhou Ci school; thirdly, how he taught his son, Dong Yi, who later became an important Ci writer. By doing so, Dong Shi-Xi successfully continued the development of Chang-Zhou Ci school.