「尤」、「擇」辨釋

On Deliberation of ＂You＂ and ＂Ze＂

見於甲骨文、金文的字過去都釋為「尤」，近年始有學者根據字形提出質疑，並主張應改釋為「拇」。本文根據早期金文的字形質疑了釋「拇」的主張、探討「尤」的造字意涵，並在有限的線索中對其字形演變的過程提出解釋。本文也檢討了相關銘文辭例，根據語境主張□、□都是尤的異體，其意都同於「尤」。至於字形下方與尤相似的□，應是「擇」的表意初文，除在班簋讀為「懌」外，在西周金文中都讀為「斁」。

The character appearing in the oracle bone and bronze script has been interpreted as ＂you＂ in the past. However, scholars started to reinterpret it as ＂mu＂ according to the form of the character. Based on the form of the early bronze script, this paper will further question the above described conjecture, investigate the meaning of the character ＂you,＂ and expound on the evolution of it within limited sources. In addition, this paper also discusses relevant inscriptions as examples. According to the linguistic context of the inscriptions, both □ and □ are variants of ＂you,＂ i.e., they both mean the same as ＂you.＂ As to □, with a lower part that looks similar to ＂you,＂ it should be the earlier character that expresses the meaning of ＂ze.＂ It is pronounced as ＂yi 斁＂ in the Western Zhou Bronze script except for the pronunciation of ＂yi 懌＂ in the Ban gui.