東西交流史上漢文小說所表現的文化衝突

The Cultural Conflict presented in Chinese Novels written during times of Eastern and Western Interaction

西方在文藝復興思潮的帶動下，勿論政治、經濟、社會各方面都有不少的變革和發展，然後在國富民強之下挾其船堅砲利，紛紛向外擴張來到了東方。雙方初始接觸之時，東亞各國對於西來文化還頗具自信，時常就其形貌及作為掛於口談訕笑，並書寫於文字之中。然而這些現象卻隨著列強的侵蝕，以及東亞各國軍事上的節節失利，轉而失去自信，一變而為盲目的崇拜和效法，力求圖強奮起。這種現象在東亞各國的小說作品中也都各有不同的表現和書寫。因此，本文希望透過現存漢文書寫的小說記載，探討東亞各國百姓的深層心理與比較東西文化第一類接觸時，中、日、韓、越的不同反應。

The Western World, under the influence of the Renaissance, experienced developments and transformations in many aspects including politics and economics. With their economic and military advantages, Western countries expanded their territories into the Oriental World. During the initial contact, Oriental countries still kept their confidences against Western cultures, often sneering at Western people's appearances and behaviors and recording them with writings. However, the attitude gradually changed due to invasion by superior Western powers and the military setback experienced by Oriental countries. Subsequently Oriental countries lost their confidences and turned to blind worship and imitation, trying to rejuvenate their nations. This phenomenon was recorded in the works of fiction of various Oriental countries in diverse expressions. Therefore, in this article we would like to probe into the deep psychological status of Oriental people in that period, and compare the distinct responses of people in China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam which occurred during the initial contact between Western and Oriental cultures.