日治時期臺灣賽德克亞族祖源敘事中的根莖流轉脈絡

The Ancestral Narrative of Taiwan's Indigenous Sedek-proper's Root-Stem Circulation Structure during Japanese Occupation

本論文以日治時期日本人類學家調查的賽德克亞族祖源敘事為主要研究對象，探討其中的根莖流轉狀態及祖源敘事所標誌的「根」的位置在時空流轉下，「根的想像」的意義。論文目的不在於進行族群全面遷徙面相的討論，而是藉由日本人類學家的調查報告，探討祖源敘事所衍生的意義可能及其影響。《蕃族調查報告書》與《臺灣原住民族系統所屬之研究》雖有不足之處，但一如臺灣原住民學者所言，日本人類學家的調查並不完全是對臺灣原住民外部知識的建構而已，更是族群內部記憶的保存和傳遞問題，對爾後臺灣原住民族之研究影響甚深。因此本論文以二書的口碑傳說為主，考察賽德克亞族祖源敘事的面貌及其意義。兩位日本人類學家的調查僅相距約十四年，但族群在不同原因的遷徙脈絡與族群互動的過程中，祖源故地也可能有外來分子遷入而遭到在地族人的同化，離散的族人在時間與空間的流動下，發展出文化的混雜性。在遷徙與流動的情況下不得不的「彈性」認同，也形成一種根莖自行其是的順勢而為。

This article seeks to study the Sedek-proper's ancestral narrative in relation to its migrating experience during the period of Japanese colonial occupation. It discusses how the tribe's root-stem narratorial structure circulates, in which the ＂root,＂ as the symbol of ancestral narrative, has derived its meaning as much from experience as from imagination. The study is based on two anthropological accounts, Fan Zu Diao Cha Bao Gao Shu (A Survey on Taiwan's Aborigines) and Tai Wan Yuan Zhu Min Zu Xi Tong Suo Shu Zhi Yan Jiu (A Research on Taiwan's Indigenous Group System), by two Japanese scholars. Although not complete in format, the two volumes have a cumulative impact on Taiwan's aboriginal studies. Reflecting on the two well-recognized volumes, this article intends to investigate the features and meaning of the Sedek-proper's ancestral narrative. There is only a gap of 14 years between the two volumes. But in between there could be members of other tribes who were assimilated to the Seeding and as a result affected the imagined origin of the tribal narrative. As time passed and migration continued, tribal members underwent the divergent experience of dispersal and developed multiple narrative branches. The ＂elastic form of recognition＂ that arises from these narratives becomes an inevitable tendency of the root-stem narrative system.