中文網路成癮量表之編製與心理計量特性研究

Development of a Chinese Internet Addiction Scale and Its Psychometric Study

本研究的目的在發展一份可茲作為評估網路成癮傾向的自填式量表。本研究綜合DSM-IV對各成癮症之診斷標準以及臨床個案的觀察與網路重度使用者的焦點訪談結果，進而依循傳統成癮症的診斷概念模式，將「中文網路成癮量表（CIAS）」初步建構為「網路成癮核心症狀」與「網路成癮相關問題」等兩個次層結構，並依之編擬的題目。研究一為初探性研究，以1336名台大學生為受試。研究結果包括：（1）以疊代主軸因素分析法，藉最優斜交轉軸方式，在「網路成癮核心症狀」分量表中得到「耐受性」與「強迫性上網與戒斷反應」等兩個因素，在「網路成癮相關問題」分量表中則得到「人際與健康問題」與「時間管理問題」兩個因素。（2）各因素量尺與全量表之內部一致性係數介於.79與.93之間，兩週之再測信度為.83。（3）經組間差異檢定，高危險群學生與一般學生在使用網路的經驗、每週上網時間、網路成癮傾向、網路成癮症狀、網路成癮相關問題、與對網路成癮之態度等變項上，呈現不同型態的差異。研究二以「中文網路成癮量表修訂版（CIAS-R）」之編修研究為主，研究結果得到更佳的因素結搆，其中，「網路成癮核心症狀」分量表包含「強迫性上網」、「網路成癮戒斷反應」與「網路成癮耐受性」等三個因素，而「網路成癮相關問題」分量表包括「人際與健康問題」與「時間管理問題」兩個因素。此外，各因素量尺的心理計量顯示CIAS-R是一結構合理、穩定可靠的量表。本報告針對中文網路成癮量表修訂版（CIAS-R）的發展與我國學生電腦網路沈迷現象，提出量表修訂上以及未來研究與實務應用上的建議。

This paper reports the results from two waves of studies on the development of Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS) and its revision (CIAS-R). Based upon conceptual framework adapted from other traditional addiction disorders such as pathological gambling and substance addictions, the tendency of Internet addiction was characterized with two aspects of behavioral manifestation: ie., core symptoms and related problems. In study 1, the original items of the CIAS depicting core symptoms and related problems of Internet addiction were generated through focused interview and derived from the diagnostic criteria of other well-defined addiction disorders. The CIAS, background questionnaire eliciting data on basic demographics, weekly on-line hours, habitual domains, and experience of Internet utilization were administered in a traditional paper and pencil manner to a random sample of National Taiwan University students (N= 1336). Factor analysis, correlation analysis, and t-test were utilized to analyze the data. Results show that: The CIAS is an appealing and reliable test with satisfactory test-retest reliability and internal consistency. Correlation analyses yield significant positive correlation of total scale and subscale scores of CIAS with weekly Internet hours, but not with experience of Internet utedilization. Moreover, high-risk students show different attitudes toward Internet use and addiction from normal students. In study 2, the CIAS-R, with modification of item wording as well as addition and elimination of some items, were administered to another sample of random subjects at the National Taiwan University (N = 1975). Same procedure and analyses were applied. It resulted in a better factor structure with similarly satisfactory psychometric properties. Future research concerning scale revision as well as possible psychopathological approach to Internet addiction were discussed accordingly.