玉里野生動物保護區植群生態之研究

Vegetation ecology of Yuli Wildlife Refuge

本研究目的為建立玉里野生動物保護區植物資源清單及植群資料，並瞭解影響植群分化之環境因子。植相調查共記錄維管束植物114科296屬604種，其中稀有植物者計58種。共分析了木本植物社會98個250m^2樣區、灌叢植物社會20個100m^2樣區、草本植物社會12個4m^2樣區及評估6項環境變數。透過雙向指標種分析配合降趨對應分析，將木本植物社會劃分為8個植群型及7個亞型，分別為臺灣赤楊型、蘭嵌千金榆型、紅檜型（假長葉楠－紅檜亞型、紅檜－昆欄樹亞型、森氏櫟－高山新木薑子亞型）、臺灣鐵杉型（臺灣鐵杉－紅檜亞型、厚葉柃木－臺灣鐵杉亞型）、臺灣二葉松型（臺灣二葉松亞型、臺灣二葉松－紅毛杜鵑型）、褐毛柳型、刺柏－玉山圓柏型及臺灣冷杉型；灌叢植物社會劃分為臺灣二葉松－臺灣馬醉木型、刺柏型及臺灣小檗型等3型；草本植物社會則劃分為劉氏薹型、玉山箭竹型及短莖宿柱薹－芒型等3型。利用典型對應分析得出，影響木本植群組成的環境變數以海拔高度、坡度及坡向為主；灌叢植群為海拔高度、地形位置、坡度及全天光空域；草本植群則為海拔高度及全天光空域。

The aims of this study were to compile a resource list for plant and vegetation information in Yuli Wildlife Refuge and to analyze the environmental factors affecting vegetation differentiation. The inventory of vascular plants found 604 species in 296 genera, and 114 families. Among which, 59 species were rare in Taiwan. The 98 woody vegetation plots each in 250 m^2, 20 shrub plots each in 100 m^2 and 12 herbaceous plots each in 4 m^2 were surveyed and 6 environmental factors were evaluated. The results show the woody vegetation was classified into 8 types and 7 subtypes by the two way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and the detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), they were Alnus formosana type, Carpinus rankanensis type, Chamaecyparis formosensis type (Machilus japonica-Chamaecyparis formosensis subtype, Chamaecyparis formosensis-Trochodendron aralioides subtype, and Cyclobalanopsis morii-Neolitsea acuminatissima subtype), Tsuga chinensis type (Tsuga chinensis-Chamaecyparis formosensis subtype, and Eurya glaberrima-Tsuga chinensis subtype), Pinus taiwanensis type (Pinus taiwanensis-Rhododendron rubropilosum subtype, Pinus taiwanensis subtype), Salix fulvopubescens type, Juniperus formosana-Juniperus morrisonicola type, and Abies kawakamii type. By the same means, the shrub vegetation was classified into 3 types, namely Pinus taiwanensis-Pieris taiwanensis type, Juniperus formosana type, and Berberis kawakamii type. The herbaceous vegetation was classified into Carex liuii type, Yushania niitakayamensis type, and Carex breviculmis-Miscanthus sinensis type. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) show that altitude, slope, and aspect were related significantly to the composition of woody vegetation. However, altitude, whole light sky space, topography, and slope were related significantly to the composition of shrub vegetation, and altitude and whole light sky space were related significantly to the composition of herbaceous vegetation.