身體意象與臨床護理之應用

Body Image and Its Clinical Implications

「身體意象」概念最初是於1975年引介到台灣護理界，然應用此概念於護理情境，促進「以人為本」的護理仍有待重新檢視。本文的目的是以更深更廣的個案觀點，個案研究和使用護理田野研究法的結果，來重新詮釋「身體意象」概念。因此，本文藉由介紹四個議題：（1）「身體意象」是什麼；（2）透過身體經驗建構「身體基模」與「身體姿態模式」；（3）有關「身體意象」特性；（4）「身體意象」延伸意義：與「自我概念」及「角色功能」關係，期望護理人員應用「身體意象」概念於病人照護，能讓護理走向「以人為本」境界的最有效途徑。

Although the concept of body image was first introduced to Taiwan nursing in 1975, its application in the context of clinical nursing with regard to promoting humanistic patient-centered care has yet to be examined. This paper adopts a field-study approach to reinterpret the concept of body image with deeper and broader strength using patient vignettes, nursing case studies, and the findings of prior nursing research. The four main issues covered in this paper are: 1. The body image concept, 2. Building body schema and a postural model based on body experiences, 3. The characteristics of body image, and 4. The extended meaning of body image, including self-concept and the role function of relationship. This paper is expected to help nurses better understand the concept of body image and further apply this concept in clinical practice in order to improve the provision of humanistic patientcentered care.