青年政治運動之底蘊與兩難──以浙江各縣戰時政治工作隊為例（1938－1940）

The Nature and Dilemma of the Youth Political Movement in Nationalist China: A Case Study of the Zhejiang County Political Work Squad, 1938-1940

浙江省各縣戰時政工隊之設立，旨在發動熱血青年組訓民眾、協助戰時政務推動。然而縣政工隊不但無法有效配合戰時行政，反而衝擊且阻滯了基層政治與政務，與政府的預想大相逕庭。之後即使縣政工隊改組，省府仍是苦無善策。政工隊妨礙地方行政，除了檯面上各種明顯的主客觀因素之外，是否存在其他深層原因？本文深入解析當時政工刊物史料中反映的隊員工作情形、生活形態與政工心態。研究結果表明，青年受當代青年政治運動意識形態框架影響，而「政工生活」模式又促進青年政治運動，許多青年政工的自我想像凌駕了現實需求，他們以政治領袖自居，依照其理解的個體自由與主體性原則來認知並批判現實，且堅持改造的不妥協立場，以致徹底否定現存體制與權威，不惜訴諸體制外的激進運動路線，謀求自我與集體利益的同步實現。藉由觀察此一過程，或有助於了解國民黨何以最終喪失運用青年的可能。

The Political Work Squad, a county institution in Zhejiang during World War II, was designed to enlist patriotic youth in the tasks of organizing the peasants into local governments' war efforts. However, due to the framework of the youth political movement, those political workers turned out to be incapable of cooperating with the authorities. Rather, they undermined the stability of the local regime. The youth political movement was further affected by the life practices of political workers. As such, the liberal self-imagination overwhelmed realistic political needs. The Nationalist regime eventually lost all possibilities of deploying and controlling the youth.