歐盟建立外資併購監控機制分析：歐中雙邊爭議與挑戰

The Origins of the EU-Level FDI Screening Mechanism: Conflicts of the EU-China Industry Policies and the Challenges

歐盟整合成員國政策並建立監控外資活動機制的努力，自2017年9月執委會提議以來，進展迅速並已於2019年2月獲歐洲議會立法通過，相關文件均以中國大陸資金在歐併購為案例。本文回顧歐中投資爭議開端，申論其源於對外經貿與產業發展理念差異，而近期中方透過「一帶一路」、「中國製造2025」指令下的海外投資併購，試圖同時解決產能過剩與產業升級目標，使雙邊爭端白熱化。除前述中方政策對歐盟可能影響外，本文亦將討論歐盟因應策略，中方可能反制措施，以及當前情勢對於歐中雙方後續作為的影響。

In this paper, we argue that China's current strategies including Made in China 2025 and Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) with large scale mergers and acquisitions are still consistent with the so-called “divide and rule” principle with respect to the European Union (EU) since 2005. Furthermore, there will be some leading and potential industries through the above approach, even though the problems of overcapacity and inefficiency still exist. On the basis of the bilateral trade and investment strategies, we also provide some predictions about China's industrial upgrading, the impact of the EU's outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) screening mechanism, and the future policy interactions between China and the EU.