行政罰調查程序之探討

Discussion on the Procedure of Administrative Punishment Investigation

「行政調查」係行政機關為行使其權限、達成行政目的，事先必須收集各種情報資料之行為，包括質問、進入、檢查及調查等。例如對違反法令之業者或個人，於決定應否予以警告、命令停止營業或廢除許可時，非對其違反法令之行為事先加以掌握時，可能作出錯誤決定。近年來有關行政調查之討論日趨增多，且關於行政調查制度之建構及學理之探討論著頗多。我國行政程序法有關行政調查部分尚於第1章第6節設有「調查事實及證據」之規定，對於行政調查之進行在第39條及第40條分別定有明文，並賦予行政機關行政調查權行使之法源，然為概括、一般性之規定，尚有不足；又行政罰法雖於裁處程序中有相關調查程序之規範，惟該程序似僅就違反行政義務受裁罰行為人身分之查驗、沒入證物之扣留等處置程序之規定，而未對其人身自由、住宅之侵入等調查手段及程序要件予以規範，故為使行政法上調查程序更臻周延，尚有就行政罰法調查程序規定不足之處，詳予檢討之必要，爰藉由本文之研究，提供日後修法之參考。 'Administrative investigation'' is the act of the administrative organ tocollect all kinds of information, including questioning, entry, inspection andinvestigation, in order to exercise its authority and achieve administrativepurposes. For example, if the operator or individual who violates the lawdecides whether to warn, order to suspend business or revoke the license, itmay make a wrong decision when it is not in advance to control the violationof the law. In recent years, the discussion on administrative investigationshas been increasing, and there are many discussions about the construction and academic exploration of the administrative investigation system. The administrativeinvestigation section of the Administrative Procedure Law ofour country still has the provisions of ''Investigation of facts and evidence''in Section 6. The administrative investigation is carried out in Articles 39and 40 respectively, and the administrative agency is given the power toexercise administrative investigation. The source of law, however, is generaland general, and there are still some shortcomings; although the administrativepenalty method has the relevant investigation procedures in the procedure ofthe ruling, the procedure seems to only be for the inspection of the identityof the person who violates the administrative obligation, and the confiscationThe procedures for detaining and other disposal procedures are not regulatedby the means of investigation and procedures for personal freedom, intrusionof housing, etc. Therefore, in order to make the investigation procedure ofadministrative law more complicated, there are still insufficient provisionsfor the administrative punishment investigation procedure. It is necessary toreview and provide a reference for future revisions through the research inthis paper.