利用紅外線自動相機探討合歡山區哺乳動物活動模式

本研究於2015年11月至2017年8月，於合歡山區架設紅外線自動相機進行哺乳動物活動模式與動物相監測，期間記錄5目9科15種哺乳類，其中拍得有效照片張數較多的物種有台灣高山田鼠（Microtus kikuchii, OI＝1.729）、台灣森鼠（Apodemus semotus, OI＝0.910）、山羌（Muntiacus reevesi micrurus, OI＝0.713）、長吻松鼠（Dremomys pernyi owstoni, OI＝0.508）、高山白腹鼠（Niviventer culturatus, OI＝0.276）及黃鼠狼（Mustela sibirica taivana, OI＝0.210）；對上述物種進行棲地類型、季節、日週期活動模式分析發現，長吻松鼠與山羌主要活動於針葉林中；而季節間之活動量以長吻松鼠、台灣森鼠及山羌具顯著差異；日週期部分，長吻松鼠與山羌主要於日間活動，台灣高山田鼠、台灣森鼠主要於夜間活動，高山白腹鼠則完全於夜間活動。此外，近年山羌等物種數量有增加趨勢，可作為後續定期進行監測之哺乳動物指標物種，以了解其族群動態變化情形。扣除自動相機不易偵測的翼手目類群，綜觀合歡山及鄰近地區海拔3,000 m以上曾記錄的哺乳動物有5目9科18種。後續若欲進行哺乳動物相通盤調查，仍須透過其他調查方法進行輔助。 We used infrared camera traps to investigate mammalian activity patterns and community in the Hehuan Mountain area from November 2015 to August 2017. During the study period, we recorded five orders, nine families, and 15 species of mammals. Six species had a relatively high detection rate: Taiwan vole (Microtus kikuchii)(OI=1.729), Formosan field mouse (Apodemus semotus)(OI=0.910), Formosan Reeve's muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi micrurus)(OI=0.713), long-nosed squirrel (Dremomys pernyi) (OI=0.508), Formosan white-bellied rat (Niviventer culturatus)(OI=0.276), and Formosan weasel (Mustela sibirica)(OI=0.210). The results of our analyses of habitat type and seasonal and daily activity patterns showed that Formosan Reeve's muntjac and long-nosed squirrel mainly appeared in coniferous forest. There were differences in the seasonal activity patterns of long-nosed squirrel, Formosan field mouse, and Formosan Reeve's muntjac. Long-nosed squirrel and Formosan Reeve's muntjac were more active during the day, while Taiwan vole and Formosan field mouse were more active at night, and Formosan whitebellied rat was completely nocturnal. The detecting rate of some species (e.g., Formosan Reeve's muntjac) was increasing in recent years in the Hehuan mountain area. Our survey of the region up to 3,000 m in the Hehuan Mountain area had recorded five orders, nine families, and 18 species of mammals, except for Chiroptera species which are not detected by infrared camera trap.