政治哲學與敘事真實：霍布斯自然狀態中的事實與虛構

本篇論文聚焦在如何整全地解決「自然狀態的事實與虛構」之爭議。我們將透過重新整理霍布斯式自然狀態在既有討論中的爭議，指出哲學虛構、歷史真實的詮釋爭議，來自於討論者多以經驗主義式的事實，理解自然狀態概念內的經驗描述，進一步來說，透過重新建構霍布斯意義下的「事實」，霍布斯的體系得以消解哲學虛構與歷史真實的對立。最後，我們意圖探討政治哲學與敘事理論的聯繫，本文的觀點是，至少在霍布斯的框架中，自然狀態概念的作用，即是把經驗現象轉化為意義之網，從而使霍布斯得以藉由一種趨近於當代敘事理論的理論性說法，擴大政治哲學的經驗範圍與現實感。 This thesis aims to completely resolve the controversy which refers to the state of nature between truth and fiction. By going through disputes related to Hobbes's concept of the state of nature, we attempt to point out that the foundation of interpretive controversy is derived from most interpreters applying thoughts on empiricism to understand empirical descriptions within the state of nature. Furthermore, Hobbes's system could resolve the opposition between philosophical fiction and historical truth within the state of nature through reconstructing the “fact” from the perspective of Hobbes's context. Finally, the major purpose of this thesis is to clarify the relationship between political philosophy and narrative theory. In my opinion, the function of the state of nature is to transform empirical phenomena into a web of meaning. Hobbes consequently enlarged the empirical range and practical sense within political philosophy with narrative theory approaching a contemporary theoretical perspective.