臺灣產獼猴桃品種果實發育期果實性狀與成分之比較

Comparison of Fruit Characteristic and Components of Taiwan during Kiwifruit Fruit Development Varieties

鞍馬9號’（Actinidiasetosa）果實長度約7cm，果實扁長形。‘中興3號’及‘中興4號’（A.deliciosa）為‘Bruno’實生後代，前者果實較扁且長形，成熟果重96.18g，後者果實較正圓形，果實成熟時重94.10g。‘江西8151’及‘秋翠’（A.chinensis）易遭銹病危害嚴重，噴藥後確實能提高果實品質，使果實重量增加，同時使可溶性固形物含量稍微增加。‘江西8151’及‘秋翠’經噴藥果實硬度分別為5.95 Kg／7.2mm及9.95Kg／7.2mm，而未噴藥果實較軟；‘中興3號’成熟期硬度為3.82 Kg，而‘中興4號’為7.98Kg。獼猴桃果實發育期間之可溶性固形物含量增加甚緩，至成熟期則迅速上升。‘江西8151’及‘秋翠’果實於噴藥與未噴藥處理間之可滴定酸度含量無顯著差異；屬於A. deliciosa之‘Abbott’及‘Monty’成熟時則為1.83%與1.97%。‘江西8151’幼果時果肉為綠色，但成熟時會有略黃現象，其餘的果實皆為綠色果肉。獼猴桃果實在幼果期之奎寧酸含量高，超過其餘三種有機酸，但於成熟期皆明顯下降。‘中興4號’之奎寧酸含量由2339.68mg／100g降至1855.71mg／100g；抗壞血酸初期含量高，隨著果實發育期而下降為180.36mg／100g，直至採收期則趨穩定；檸檬酸濃度於果實發育初期低量，之後快速增加至成熟期可高達1152.98mg／100g。 The Actinidia setosa fruit size is about 7 cm, and we hope fruit quality can be improved in the future. The A. deliciosa of ‘Chung Hsing No.3’ and ‘Chung Hsing No.4’ , and they be bred successful. The ‘Chung Hsing No.3’ fruit shape is length and fruit weight is about 96.18 g, ‘Chung Hsing No.4‘ fruit shape is short and fruit weight is about 94.10 g. The A. chinensis of ‘Jiang See 8151’ and ‘Green fall’ have increased weight and the soluble solids content after spray pesticides.To compare hardness after spray pesticides and no spray pesticides on ‘Jiang See 8151’ and ‘Green fall’ , the spray pesticides fruit softener than no spray pesticides fruit. In the study, the firmness of ‘CH.No.3’ and ‘CH.No.4’ variety is 3.82 Kg and 7.98 Kg, respectively. The soluble solids content increased gradually of fruit development, and increased soon at later growth stage. ‘Jiang See 8151’ and ‘Green fall’ not have difference in titratable acidity after spray pesticides. ‘Abbott’ and ‘Monty’ are1.83 % and 1.97 % at mature period. For all organic acids, the content of quinic acid is the highest at the beginning of fruit development, then it decreased. The quinic acid content of ‘CH. No.4’ fruit at the young stage could be as high as 2339.68 mg/100g, then decreased to 1855.71 mg/ 100g; ascorbic acid content higher at the young stage; While the citric acid increased soon 1152.98 mg/100g at later growth stage.