桑樹的分類與自然分佈

Taxonomy and Natural Distribution of Mulberry

本文介紹桑屬植物的分類史及分類依據。桑屬最早在1753年由林奈氏（Carl von Linn）分為白桑（Morus. alba L.）、黑桑（M. nigra L.）、紅桑（M. rubra L.）、蒙古桑（M. tatarica L.）、印度桑（M. indica L.）、構樹（M. papyrifera L.）及M. tinctoria L.等七種，其後義大利、法國、德國、美國等國學者曾陸續提出新種（specie）或變種（variety）。1917年以後，日本的小泉源一（Geniti Koidzumi）、堀田禎吉（Teikichi Hotta）及勝又藤夫（Fujio Katsumata）等針對日本及亞州鄰近國家的野生桑分別進行形態調查，並各自發展分類系統。小泉源一在1930年再變更桑屬之若干學名，將之重新分為30個種及10個變種（variety），成為較完整的分類體系。文中並說明桑屬的原產地及引進歐美的途徑（註：原文並無摘要，本段係由譯者加寫）。 This paper introduces the taxonomical history and taxonomical characteristics within the genus Morus. According to Carl von Linn (1753), the genus Morus includes Morus alba L., M. nigra L., M. rubra L., M. tatarica L. M. indica L., M. papyrifera L., and M. tinctoria L. Scholars in Italy, France, Germany, and U.S. proposed new species or variety afterwards. After 1917, Geniti Koidzumi , Teikichi Hotta, and Fujio Katsumata investigated wild mulberry in Japan and neighboring Asian countries, and developed different taxonomical systems respectively. Geniti Koidzumi further changed some scientific names in 1930, and classified the genus Morus into 30 species and 10 varieties to create a more complete taxonomical index. This article also discusses the place of origin of the genus Morus and its introduction into European and American countries (remarks: the original paper contains no abstract, this abstract is written by the translator).