三種茶屬植物種子油脂含量與脂肪酸組成比較

Comparison among Seed Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Three Camellia Plants

本研究比較大果油茶Camellia oleifera Abel.、細葉山茶C. tenuifolia（Hay.）Coh.及茶樹C. sinensis（L）. O. Kuntze成熟種子的油脂與脂肪酸含量。結果顯示種子油脂含量以細葉山茶的40.5±0.7 %最高，大果油茶最低為25.6±5.7%，茶樹籽為26.0±1.1%。三種茶油之脂肪酸均以油酸（oceilic acid, C18:1）佔的比例最高，三者的比例分別為78.80 %、72.89 %與48.25 %，而飽和脂肪酸比例則分別為11.82 %、13.31 %及24.40 %，其餘為多元不飽和脂肪酸及其他單元不飽和脂肪酸。成熟的大果油茶與細葉山茶種子分別可分析出五種與六種脂肪酸，而茶樹種子油則可分析出十種脂肪酸。 Mature seeds of Camellia oleifera Abel., C. tenuifolia (Hay.) Coh. and C. sinensis (L). O. Kuntze were used to comparison their oil content and fatty acid composition. C. tenuifolia seeds had the highest oil content, which were 40.5 ± 0.7 %, the seed oil content of C. oleifera was 35.6±5.7% and C. sinensis only 26.0±1.1%. Oleic acid was the most important fatty acid of this three plant seed, which had 78.80 %, 72.89 % and 48.25 % respectively, and saturated fatty acid content was 11.82 %, 13.31 % and 24.40 % respectively, and the others were polyunsaturated and other monounsaturated fatty acid. The oil of C. sinensis had 10 kinds of fatty acid, while in C. oleifera and C. tenuifolia seed oil, only 5 and 6 kinds, respectively.