儲運期間之乙烯影響黛粉葉儲後品質及1-MCP之保護效果

Postproduction Quality Affected by Ethylene during Storage and 1-MCP Protection of Dieffenbachia

儲運時乙烯累積可能降低有些觀葉植物之儲後品質，本研究探討儲運期間之乙烯對黛粉葉儲後品質之影響，與施用1-甲基環丙烯（1-methylcyclopropene, 1-MCP）對乙烯傷害之保護效果。於14-16℃黑暗儲運7天期間，將黛粉葉‘瑪莉安’（''''Tropic Marianne''''）及‘多芽夏雪’（''''Tropic Snow''''）處理不同濃度乙烯，之後將植株置入模擬室內環境，於第0、1、4及7天測量葉綠素計讀值及葉綠素螢光參數，且於第7天時測量黃化葉數及品質評分，以評估儲後表現。儲運7天期間處理4.7μL•L^(-1)乙烯會降低‘瑪莉安’儲運後之葉綠素計讀值及黑暗下之光化學效率，並增加黃化葉數。但儲運時不論0或4.7μL•L^(-1)乙烯處理，均使‘多芽夏雪’葉綠素計讀值及黑暗下之光化學效率降低，且增加黃化葉數。儲運時乙烯濃度由0提高至4.6μL•L^(-1)，會降低‘瑪莉安’儲運後葉綠素計讀值、光化學效率與最大螢光值，且增加黃化葉數。儲運前將‘瑪莉安’處理300-1200nL•L^(-1)之1-MCP六小時後，再置於含1μL•L^(-1)乙烯的儲運環境7天，結果比未處理1-MCP者有較高的葉綠素計讀值、光化學效率與儲後品質，且有較少的黃葉數。 Ethylene in the storage atmosphere is often harmful to postproduction quality of foliage plants. We examined the effect of ethylene in storage on postproduction quality of Dieffenbachia. We also evaluated the effectiveness of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) to protect the sensitive plant against ethylene. Plants of 'Tropic Marianne' and 'Tropic Snow' were exposed to various concentrations of ethylene for 7 day during dark storage. After storage, the plants were moved to a simulated indoor environment, and the SPAD-502 value and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the plants were measured 0, 1, 4 and 7 day after the movement. Poststorage performance, measured as number of chlorotic leaves and quality ratings, was evaluated 7 day after the plants were placed in the indoor environment. Exposure to 4.7μL•L^(-1) ethylene during storage resulted in reduced SPAD-502 and Fv/Fm values of the lowest leaves, and increased chlorotic leaves in 'Tropic Marianne'. Seven days of storage either with or without 4.7μL•L^(-1) ethylene resulted in reduced the SPAD-502 and Fv/Fm values of the lowest leaves, and increased chlorotic leaves in 'Tropic Snow'. The number of chlorotic leaves increased while the SPAD-502 value, Fv/Fm, and Fm of the lowest leaves decreased in 'Tropic Marianne' as ethylene concentration increased from 0 to 4.6μL•L^(-1). 'Tropic Marianne' plants pretreated with 300-1200 nL•L^(-1) 1-MCP for 6 hours had fewer chlorotic leaves, higher Fv/Fm and SPAD-502 values, and better postproduction quality than similar plants not treated with 1-MCP when both groups of plants were stored in air containing 1μL•L^(-1) ethylene.