毛柿嫁接苗木育成技術改進

An Improved Grafting Technique for Mabolo (Diospyros discolor Willd.)

毛柿嫁接最佳季節確認為3月份，符合抽春梢之物候期，成活率可達84.2±12.8%。NAA處理接穗對毛柿嫁接成活沒有幫助，且顯現反效果，濃度到達5000μg·mL-1時成活率下降到0%。接穗沾水（0μg·mL-1NAA）也明顯使成活率下降到44.4±20.3%（P＜0.001），對解決因單寧氧化形成隔絕層而影響嫁接成活沒有幫助。嫁接初期（0-5日）土壤水分不宜過高，嫁接前2-3日澆灌後斷水，嫁接1週後恢復灌溉，成活率可達75%-80%，對照嫁接當日澆灌之成活率下降到5.0±10.0%，故嫁接前2日至嫁接後5日不宜過量澆灌。砧木苗影響嫁接成活率，6年生砧木僅有40.0±12.0%成活，與3年生砧木差異極顯著（P＜0.001）。芽接法無論嫁接時期或有無使用NAA，成活率皆為0%，芽接法應不適合應用於毛柿。 The best time of the year for grafting mabolo nursery trees was found to be in March, coinciding with the phenology of spring shooting. The highest survival rate of veneer grafting we achieved was 84.2±12.8%. NAA treatment for scions lowered survival rates. High concentration (5000μg•mL^(-1)) of NAA resulted in total failure of the graft. Dipping scions in water prior to grafting also reduced the survival rate to 44.4±20.3% (P＜0.001). Water treatment did not help eliminating tannin oxidation effect. Withdrawal of irrigation from the rootstock 2-3 days before grafting and re-watering the grafted nursery trees a week after grafting increased survival rates. Watering on the grafting day was harmful. Therefore, we recommend a moderate irrigation 2 days before grafting and 5 days after grafting. Six-year-old rootstocks had a lower (40.0±12.0%) survival rate than 3 year-old rootstocks (P＜0.001). Chip budding for mabolo was not successful.