| 中文摘要 |
兩性株為台灣主要的木瓜栽培性型，但兩性株性型易變異而導致畸形果產生或無法結果，影響產量及品質。為瞭解品種間之差異與果實生長及品質之關係，本試驗以台大選系耐（抗）病品系8、11號及‘台農2號’番木瓜為試驗材料，於露天栽培下，觀察果實生長等相關性狀與品種間之差異。結果三品種（系）果實生長曲線皆為單S型生長，果實長、寬變化約於花後第60天漸趨平緩，之後緩慢上升直至成熟期；果實鮮重、果肉厚則隨發育時間的增加而漸增；果形指數隨發育時間而逐漸降低。果實品質方面，可溶性固形物以台大選系8號最佳，為12.6°Brix，其次為台大選系11號，為11.7°Brix。果實平均鮮重以台大選系11號最重，其次為台大選系8號，最輕為‘台農2號’，分別為1161.7g、980.2g及687.6g。果肉厚度以台大選系11號最厚為3.1cm，台大選系8號及‘台農2號’皆為2.7cm。果實外觀以台大選系11號最佳，表面無輪點病症、外表光滑美觀，但果實品質仍會受到不同採收月份的影響。著果數以台大選系8號平均每22節位可產16.5果最高，其次為‘台農2號’11.7果，台大選系11號最低僅8.2果。
Hermaphroditic papaya which needs no male plants for pollination, is the predominant type cultivated in Taiwan. However, the flower sex expression of this plant type is unstable and often results in low yields. We investigated the fruit growth and fruit quality of three different papaya cvs., Tainung No.2, NTU Line No.8, and NTU Line No.11 (a ring-spot virus tolerant clone) in the field. Our results indicated a typical single sigmoid pattern of growth curves for fruit length and width. Fruit length and width increased rapidly between 10 and 60 days after anthesis, followed by a pause and then a gradual increment until harvest. Similar pattern was found in fruit weight and flesh thickness, whereas the fruit length/width ratio gradually decreased. Total soluble solids content in nature fruit was higher in NTU Line No. 8 than in NTU Line No.11 and 'Tainung No.2'. Mean fresh weights of NTU Line No.11, NTU Line No.8, and 'Tainung No.2' fruits were 1161.7 g, 980.2 g, and 687.6 g, respectively. Flesh thickness was 2.7 cm in NTU Line No.8 and 'Tainung No.2', and 3.1 cm in NTU Line No.11. NTU Line No.11 which had a smooth skin and an attractive appearance and was free from ring-spot virus symptoms might have a great potential for future production. However, its fruit quality varied significantly with harvest seasons. Average numbers of fruits set on the first 22 nodes of each plant were 16.5, 11.7 and 8.2, respectively, in NTU Line No.8, 'Tainung No.2' and NTU Line No.11. |
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