蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭花梗芽之誘導與刻傷處理對芽體增殖之影響

Induction of Flower Stalk Nodal Buds of Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis and Effect of Wounding on Shoot Multiplication

本文探討蝴蝶蘭屬（Phalaenopsis）與朵麗蝶蘭屬（Doritaenopsis）花梗芽於離體培養時芽體形態發生之情形與刻傷處理對芽體再生之影響。結果顯示，花梗芽於初代培養時，分化成營養芽、生殖芽（側花序）與癒傷組織等形態。P. Brother Stage營養系花梗芽於初代培養二個月後，各處理中營養芽之比例佔74.3%-81.4%，生殖芽低於10%。Dtps. Taihort Gem 'A87-76'營養系花梗芽培養一個月後，各處理形成生殖芽之比例高於74%，將培植體形成之生殖芽（側花序）切除，原花梗繼代培養二個月後，再生成營養芽之比率提升至71.4%-97.1%。將花梗芽再生之營養芽體去除莖頂打破頂端優勢後，可誘導腋芽萌發並大量增殖；單獨以除葉的方式處理芽培植體，較除葉組合摘心或除葉組合刻傷處理，更利於多數腋芽再生。培養基中添加GA3有利休眠芽體形成側花序。添加Tryptone於以花寶一號肥料為基礎之培養基，可增加營養芽形成數。 Morphogenetic development and shoot regeneration after wounding treatments of flower stalk nodal buds of Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis orchids were investigated. Upon in vitro culture, nodal buds were able to differentiate into either vegetative shoots, axillary inflorescence, or callus. Two months after culture, the nodal buds of P. Brother Stage produced 74.3%-81.4% vegetative shoots, while the axillary inflorescence below 10%. When using Dtps. Taihort Gem 'A87-76' nodal buds as starting explants, the occurrence of axillary inflorescence was up to 74% after one month culture. By removing axillary inflorescence and continuing culture of original nodal explants for two months, the occurrence of vegetative shoots were 71.4%-97.1%. By removing apical meristem of regenerated shoots, most axillary buds were induced to form multiple shoots. Removing leaves alone of shoot explant was better than both removing leaves and wounding for multiple shoot regeneration. Adding GA3 to the medium was able to induce dormant buds into axillary inflorescence. Inclusion of tryptone in Hyponex fertilizer-based medium increased vegetative shoots.