初探921集集地震災害近斷層帶居民災害認知與調適行為特性

Exploring Disaster Perception and Adaptation Features along Fault Zone Areas after 921 Chi-Chi Earthquake

災害會對個體及其行為產生影響，行為個體接受到一定災害的刺激，即會產生情緒狀態並對災害產生回應。災害調適行為決策主要受到災害認知所影響，災害認知是人類面對災害的個體管理策略，受限於知識、資源的有限性，行為個體依據主觀的價值觀：「居住地點的情感依附性」與「有限理性」進行有限的選擇，最終形成「有限的最適決策」。是以，本研究奠基於計畫行為理論，據此關注於探討災害風險認知與調適行為，應用問卷調查結果資料探究921集集地震後近斷層帶土地使用限建區個體災害認知與調適行為特性。研究結果顯示，「對於地方的情感」與「親朋好友居住於近鄰地區」為重要影響選擇繼續居住的關鍵原因，以及受訪者普遍樂觀地相信再一次發生6級地震對目前居住房子的衝擊是輕微的，顯示「居住地點的情感依附性」與「有限理性」對地區居民災害認知與調適行為產生一定程度的影響。 Any disaster affects individual and further force individual come out responses which is so called adaptation behavior, and such adaptation behavior might be affected seriously by disaster perception. However, the external and internal factors and subjective values including place attachment and bounded rationality limit self-choice and further make up limited optimizing decision. Overall, the study focuses on exploring individuals' disaster perception and adaptation behavior in earthquake risk area and the questionnaire design is based upon theory of planned behavior (TPB). The results show that both “relationship to the local area” and “referents live in neighborhood” are the key factors that affect individuals to continued live in such high risk area. In addition, most the interviewees are optimizable believing there is only slight impact of the next large earthquake. As a result, place attachment and limited rational have certain influence on adaptive behavior.