鴨蛋加工廠裝箱自動化之工時分析

The Work-Hour Analysis in the Automatic Packing System for Production Box in the Duck Egg Processing Factory

養鴨是我國重要的家禽產業，在鄉村經濟中始終扮演非常重要的角色。鴨蛋加工過程中需要很多的人力配合，將蛋品產業導入自動化與智能化技術，以協助提升其國際競爭力，這對農業生產產業有極大的助益。對於鴨蛋加工工廠目前作業的動作和時間，進行生產過程的描述、系統的分析，確定工人作業活動所需時間總量，可對後續的生產效能，提出改進的建議。故本研究是與廣大利蛋品股份有限公司合作，進行加工鴨蛋裝箱過程的工時研究，期能達到減少作業時間、提高人或機器的效率及利用率，提高生產線效率。分析的作業（動作）包括加工（改變目的物形狀和裝配目的物的動作）、移動（改變目的物位置的動作）、握持（保持目的物形態的動作）和等待（無作業人員的手空閒著的動作）。由結果得知，自動化不一定能減少單次的工時，但若考慮到人員負重的職業傷害和持續性，自動化設備在長期運作的狀態時，仍有它的功能性。 Raising ducks is an important poultry industry in Taiwan and has always played a very important role in the rural economy. The processing egg export market is still in growing demand, although many animal products have been banned due to the quarantine issue. Therefore, the industry of processing eggs needs automatic and intelligent techniques to upgrade their productions. For the current operation and working time of the duck egg processing plant, the description of the production process and the analysis of the system are used to make sure the total amount of time required for the workers' work activities. These can be proposed for improvement of the subsequent production efficiency. For the whole new factory in Kindly EggProduct Company Limited, it eagerly needs these new technologies and can become a pilot plant. In this project, we develop an automatic packing system for egg production box. The purpose of this project was to collaborate with the staffs of the Kindly Company to carry out the work-hour analysis of the duck egg packing process, which can reduce the working time, improve the efficiency and utilization of people or machines, and improve the efficiency of the production line. The analysis included machining (changing the shape of the object and the action of the assembling object), moving (moving the position of the object), holding (keeping the orientation of the object), and waiting (the action without the hand being idle). The production quality and efficiency could be upgraded and the labor cost could be decreased by using this advance technique. From the result, it was known that automation did not necessarily reduce single-time work hours, but if the occupational injury and persistence of the person's weight-bearing were taken into account, the automation equipment still had its functionality in the long-term operation state.