七十四年臺北市售陶瓷飲食用具釉面鉛、鋼、銅、鋅、鉀溶出量調查

INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL CONTENTS FROM GLAZED CERAMIC SURFACE OF TABLE WARES

陶瓷用具是吾人生活中接觸頻繁，關係密切之用具之一。其製作過程常經上釉、花飾等步驟，但燒製時若不按照正規操作，則釉菜及花飾中所含之重金屬常會溶出污染食物。因此陶瓷食用具釉面重金屬之溶出量標準如鉛銅早經各國訂定！。我國國家標準局也於民國六十一年及六十三年分別訂定陶瓷釉面萃取之鉛量，鋼量檢驗法，及陶瓷飲食用具釉面之鉛與鎘含量標準。為監視國內製造及進口業者產製及進口合乎標準之陶瓷品，乃計劃調查市售陶瓷飲食用具，以達不合標準之製品能從市面消聲匿跡之目的。除檢驗鉛、鎘溶出量外，銅、鋅等金屬鹽類亦常被用為釉料，砷化合物則用以降低玻璃燒製時之軟化點及作為消泡劑，此等金屬亦一併列入檢驗14。本計劃於民國七十四年4～6月在台北市各百貨公司抽購釉面陶瓷飲食用具檢體計100件，檢驗結果三件鉛溶出量不合國家標準，一件銅溶出量不合國家標準，總計4件不合國家標準，國產品及進口品各佔兩件，鉛溶出量範圍為未檢出至36.95ppm，其中78％溶出量在0.5ppm以下，銅溶出量範圍為未檢出至2.14ppm，其中89％為未檢出。銅溶出量範圍為未檢出至0.39ppm，其中81％為未檢出，鋅溶出量範圍為0.01ppm至3.56ppm，其中96％溶出量在0.5ppm以下，砷均為未檢出。 Heavy metals including of lead, Cadmium, Copper, Zinc and Arsenic were investigated in 100 samples of table wares purchased from department stores. The lead content was in the range of ND-36.95 ppm. The percentage of samples which lead content detected below 0.5 ppm was 78. The cadmium content was in the range of ND2.14 ppm. The lead contents of 89% of samples were non-detectable. The copper content was in the range of ND-0.39 ppm. The copper content of 81% of sample were non-detectable. The zinc content was in the range of 0.01 ppm-3.56 ppm. The zin content of 96% of samples was between 0.01 ppm-0.50 ppm. Arsenic was not detected in all of the samples. The lead content of three samples and cadmium content of one sample failed to meet the standard of China.