氣候變遷下各年齡層之健康促進與緊急醫療

Health Promotion and Emergency Medical Care for All Age Groups Under Conditions of Climate Change

氣候變遷影響了人類賴以維生的生態系統服務，如：水資源、空氣、農產品等，受到極端氣候的改變與損害，可能降低各種生態系統服務的質與量，進而威脅到人類的生存與健康。現今健康促進概念強調在自然和人為建設的環境中取得平衡，同時，健康促進的實務與因應氣候變遷的行動強調多學科合作、關注健康不平等與弱勢族群，因此健康促進專業人員必需具備足夠的專業素養以因應氣候變遷對人類健康帶來的多方面衝擊。本文以健康促進與緊急醫療為主軸，針對氣候變遷對人類身心靈之影響進行文獻回顧與分析，並提供實際案例，進而提出未來對於社區民眾之健康促進與緊急醫療規劃之方向，以期醫護人員在參與因應氣候變遷的行動過程中發揮其核心作用，進而達到全民均健。 Climate change impacts on the ecosystem services that people rely on, such as water, air, and agricultural products. The quality and quantity of various ecosystem services may be diminished under conditions of extreme climate change. Therefore, the effects of climate change may be expected to threaten people's health and survival. The concept of health promotion includes attention to the environment and emphasizes balance between nature and manmade structures. In addition, health promotion practices and actions in response to climate change emphasize multidisciplinary cooperation and focus on health inequality and vulnerable populations. Therefore, health promotion professionals must have sufficient professional competence in order to manage the multifaceted health impacts of climate change. The purpose of this article is to review the literature on health promotion and emergency medical care under conditions of climate change. Examples are provided to delineate the biological, psychological, social, and spiritual effects of climate change. The results of this literature review may provide community-based health promotion and emergency medical services guidance for further development and improvements. Healthcare professionals are expected to play a central role in managing the impact of climate change in order to achieve health for all.