小紅帽與虎姑婆的原型、原型故事模式分析及其對傳播效果影響之探討

An Analysis of Archetypes, Archetypal Story Patterns and Their Effects on Communication: Using Little Red Riding Hoodand Auntie Tigress as Examples

西方的小紅帽與東方的虎姑婆非常類似，俱為飽受歡迎、傳播效果宏大的兒童故事，但是傳播理論卻無法進一步解釋它們的異同和廣受歡迎的原因。本文從分析心理學「原型」理論和文學敘事觀點，解剖這兩個傳布久遠的故事，指出它們都富含原型，又兼具寓意深遠的「原型故事模式」，所以廣為歷代轉述和挪用，成為文創時代難得的文化資產。此外，本文也顯示它們肇因於文化、敘事筆法和想像空間的不同，乃至後世應用有別的原因。 The western Little Red Riding Hood and the eastern Auntie Tigress are two similar folktales; both are popular children's stories with great communication effects. However, communication theories are limited in deciphering their popularity and differences. This paper profiles these two long-lived tales from a psychoanalytic and narrative point of view, showing how both are filled with archetypes and profound story patterns, and why they are retold and reused from generation to generation, becoming remarkable cultural assets. The analysis also indicates the tales' differences in culture, narrative and imagination, along with explanations of their difference in application.