Di-(2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP) is a plasticizer and has been suggested to be a subchronictoxicant in rats. DPHP has been approved to be used in food containers andhandling by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The use of DPHP is still increasing, andthe risk of human exposure to DPHP via food may be high. Exposure markers measured inhuman samples are commonly used to monitor human exposure levels. Ultra-performanceliquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and a rat model were used todiscover tentative DPHP exposure markers. DPHP and mono-(2-propylheptyl) phthalate(MPHP) were used as the precursors for calculating metabolite candidates using biotransformationmass changes of known enzymatic reactions. A rat model was designed tovalidate these metabolite candidates as tentative exposure markers. A total of 28 signalsshow doseeresponse relationships and these signals contain a few isomers. The chemicalstructures of 15 tentative exposure marker signals were speculated based on the production mass spectra from MS/MS analysis. These 15 signals included 7 chemical structuresand some of them may be isomers. The different arrangement of the atoms in space ofthese isomers should be validated by standard compounds in the future studies. Amongthe 7 speculated chemical structures, 2 structures were novel tentative DPHP metabolites,and 5 structures have been previously reported in the literature. The results indicate thatusing UPLC-MS and a rat model can be used to identify tentative toxicant exposuremarkers.
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