析論楊簡、袁燮對《書序》、《詩序》之依違——南宋心學家對傳統經解態度的一個側面

To analyzing Yang-Jian and Yuan-Xie for their attitude of Shu-Xu and Shih-Xu- the southern Song Dynasty Heart-mind Theory scholars attitude of the traditional interpretation of the script

本文觀察陸九淵高足楊簡、袁燮對《書序》、《詩序》之依違，透過本文可以發現，在《尚書》方面，楊簡同意〈尚書序〉出自孔安國之手，但他直斥「孔安國不知道」。對於舊謂孔子所著的各篇〈小序〉，楊簡曾推測亦為孔安國所作，但在解經之時，楊簡依然依《書序》之內容以解經。在《詩經》方面，楊簡認定《詩序》出自漢儒衛宏之手，完全不能接受其說。袁燮的態度則又不同，他對於〈尚書序〉與《尚書孔傳》並無興致，但卻深信孔子創作百篇《書序》，又認為《詩序》「知道」，故願意接受《詩序》之詮釋。至此，吾人可知，心學家可以信守也可以揚棄傳統的解經成果，其中的關鍵就在傳統是否可以「知道」，而「知道」與否的判準主要還是由自己的主觀操控，也由此而讓心學家的解經成果出現同中有異的現象。 This article observed the Lu Jiu-yuan's apprentice Yang-Jian and Yuan-Xie's attitude of Shu-Xu and Shih-Xu. Through this article, we could found, In Shang-shu, Yang-Jian agreed the ＂Shu-Xu＂ written by Kong An-Guo, but criticized him did not know doctrine. The old saying said the ＂Shu-Xu＂ written by Confucius, Yang-Jian was once speculated that was written by Kong An-Guo, even so, Yang-Jian still follow Shu-Xu 's explanation. But in Shih-Jing, Yang-Jian considerd the Shih-Xu was written by the Han Dynasty confucianism Wei Hong. Therefore, Yang-Jian unable to accept his point of view completely. Yuan-Xie's attitude was not quite the same. In regard to the ＂Shu-Xu＂ and Shang-Shu-Kong-Chuan , Yuan-Xie was not interested on it. But Yuan-Xie convinced that Confucius wrote hundreds of Shu-Xu, besides, Yuan-Xie considered the Shih-Xu know doctrine, therefore, Yuan-Xie was willing to accept Shih-Xu's point of view. In summary, we could know, the heart-mind theory scholars could accept or discard the traditional interpretation of the script, the sticking point is that traditonal interpretation whether know doctrine, the judgment criteria of these is according to personal subjective opinion, therefore, the interpretation of the classic results of the heart-mind theory scholars appearing the difference in the same on their results.