家庭系統保護因子對於成年藥癮者復原歷程作用之探討

Protective Factors in Family System How to Influence Recovery Process for Adult Drug Abusers

國內外研究都會強調家庭系統的良窳對於藥癮者的重要性，並且不斷在各種宣導手冊與文宣刊物中提及，而家庭系統中的風險因子對於藥物成癮的影響已有許多實證研究確認，但是對於家庭系統中的保護因子對藥癮者究竟帶來何種方式、何種程度的保護作用，卻未有一致性的實證結果。本文除分別說明家庭系統保護因子在預防、治療、復原等階段的不同工作重點外，同時也彙整了家庭結構及家庭需求、家庭關係及家庭溝通、家庭功能及家庭支持…等家庭系統不同層面保護因子的相關研究，來說明家庭系統保護因子影響藥癮者復原歷程有其複雜性，實難一言以蔽之。透過分享一位藥癮者的生命故事並以生涯建構理論來呈現家庭系統與保護因子之間錯綜複雜的關係，且提出反思，我們藉以說明不同個體對家庭系統保護因子之定義可能相當迥異，最後並邀請諸位一同來重新檢視家庭系統保護因子的意涵。 Many studies will emphasize the importance of family systems for drug addicts and constantly mention in various brochures and publications all the time. We know the risk factors how to impact people addiction by evidencebased studies, but the protective factors is not. In this paper, we try to describe the protective factors of the family system in the prevention, treatment and recovery, have different essentials to work with drug abusers.On the other hand, we also summarize the studies of family structure and family needs, family relationship and family communication, family function and family support, and hope to explain the intangible means and to examine family as an influential factor for adult drug abusers. A case report is presented to reflect upon the intertwined relationships between family system and protective factors. The theory of career construction is applied to examine our case. Hopefully, the case study can help us gain a better understanding of family as the protective factors, and identify different meanings for individuals ,more than before.