中國各省（市）國有農場經營績效變動研究

Performance of the State-Owned Farms in China

糧食安全不僅是中國當局高度重視之課題，亦為國際關注焦點。近期中國政府推動科技興農，由政策誘導國內農場（特別是國有農場）生產方式。本文以1994－2011年中國各省（市）國有農場資料，採SFA模式估計期間生產力變動情況及其驅動因子；並依據相關農業支持政策區分時期、區域，深入探討相關政策效果。發現相關政策推行和TFP之成長有顯著正相關，且技術進步為主要驅動因子。各地區中，以西南地區TFP成長最佳，主因除追求技術進步外，亦能兼顧效率改善。最後，國有農場屬遞增規模報酬型態，故或可持續擴大經營規模並適切配置要素投入，逐步提升管理效率。 The pressure of Food security is emphasized by the Chinese government. In recent years, Chinese government focuses on the agriculture by science and technology, trying to seduce the way and the direction of the production in the domestic farms through the policy. In particular, the focus is the revolution of state-owned farms. Based on the data of the Chinese state-owned farms from 1994 to 2011, this research is to estimate the change in productivity and the driving factors. Also, it is divided into different periods and regions according to the policies of the relevant agriculture with the SFA estimation in the part of regions in order to understand the effect of the policy. The relevant policies implement had a positive effect on the growth of TFP in the empirical result and the main driving factor is the progress in technology. Regionally, the reason of the growth in southwest region's TFP is the best among the regions is not only the pursuit of technological progress, but also the efficiency improvement. This study also found that the state-owned farms is increase return to scale. It is suggested that the government should expand the scale of state-owned farms, allocate suitable factor inputs, and gradually improve the management efficiency.