廠商能力與治理模式對網絡與績效之干擾效果

The Moderating Effects of Firm Capabilities and Governance Modes on the Network-Performance Relation

本文探討廠商的外部網絡關係對其經營績效之影響，並進一步探討存在於兩者間的可能干擾效果。在資源依賴理論基礎上，本研究主張廠商能力在外部網絡與廠商績效之關係上具有負向干擾效果；另一方面，在交易成本理論基礎上，本研究主張具股權投資的治理模式在外部網絡與廠商績效之關係上具有正向干擾效果。本研究分析2002至2013年之台灣上市櫃生技廠商之縱橫資料，實證結果發現外部網絡關係對廠商績效存在正向影響效果；其中，當廠商擁有較多的外部研發合作或供應鏈網絡關係時，則其績效表現將會較好。另外，實證結果亦指出當廠商能力中的技術能力或產銷能力愈弱時，其分別所對應的研發合作網絡關係或供應鏈網絡關係對廠商績效的貢獻將更為顯著。同時，研究結果也指出具股權投資的治理模式正向干擾著外部網絡關係對廠商績效的影響性；亦即當廠商的具股權投資之合作關係佔外部網絡關係比重愈高時，則外部網絡關係對廠商績效的貢獻將更為顯著。 This study examines how a firm’s external networks affect its performance and the factorsthat can potentially moderate the effect of networks on performance. Drawing on theresource dependence theory, this study argues that firm capabilities could negativelymoderate the relation between networks and performance. Drawing on the transaction costtheory, on the other hand, this study asserts that the equity-based governance modes couldpositively moderate the relation between networks and performance. Using the panel dataof public biopharmaceutical companies in Taiwan from 2002 to 2013, this study showsthat a firm’s external networks positively affect its performance. Specifically, the firmsachieve superior performance when they have richer external R&D or supply chainnetworks. In addition, this study shows that the weaker the firm’s capabilities, the strongerthe positive effect of external networks on firm performance. For instance, the weaker thetechnical capabilities, the stronger the positive effect of external R&D networks on firmperformance; the weaker the manufacturing and marketing capabilities, the stronger thepositive effect of external supply chain networks on firm performance. Meanwhile, thestudy also indicates that the equity-based governance modes positively moderate therelation between networks and performance. That is, the more equity-based externalnetworks, the better the firm performance.