| 中文摘要 |
在全身麻醉後約有20－30％的手術病患會發生術後噁心嘔吐（PONV），在高危險族群且沒使用任何預防措施時，發生率更高達80％。術後噁心嘔吐不僅讓病患有不適感，嚴重時也可能影響自理能力、引起嚴重的相關併發症，包括脫水、電解質不平衡、吸入性肺炎、傷口裂開出血、食道破裂等，導致需要照護的時間延長或非預期性住院，進而增加醫療照護花費。因此，預防術後噁心嘔吐的目標在於減少發生率、改善病人術後恢復的品質，進而減少醫療照護花費。本篇在術後噁心嘔吐預防與處置的建議包含：手術前評估病患風險，手術中減少麻醉相關的風險因子及給予預防措施，手術後對於仍有噁心嘔吐的病人給予止吐藥治療。
The overall incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is currently estimated to be 20-30%, and in high risk populations without prophylaxis, the incidence is as high as 80%. PONV may lead to patient discomfort, decreased ability for self-care, and serious medical consequences, including dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, aspiration pneumonitis, suture dehiscence, bleeding and esophageal rupture. Unresolved PONV may result in prolonged nursing care, unanticipated hospital admissions and increased health care costs. Therefore, the goal of PONV prophylaxis is to decrease the incidence of PONV, improve quality of postoperative recovery and reduce health care costs. The recommendations of PONV prophylaxis protocols include: (1) preoperatively identifying patients'risk for PONV; (2) intraoperatively reducing anesthesia-relative risk factors and administer prophylactic interventions; (3) postoperatively providing antiemetic treatment to patients with PONV. |
本站僅提供期刊文獻檢索。
