論國際法上台灣對太平島主權先佔的歷史基礎

The Historical Basis about Taiwan's Effective Occupation of Itu Aba (Taiping Island) in International Law

國際仲裁庭判決以一九四七年中國地圖為基礎的南海U形線主張欠缺正當性，裁定中國在南海不享有此種歷史性權利。積極成作為國際法治社會一員的台灣，正針對周邊東南亞國家發展新南向政策，對於太平島主權，對其主權論述，在國際法上應放棄與中國相同的U形線歷史性權利論述，應該改採「先佔並實際管理」的論述才能夠確保我國對太平島（Itu Aba,長島）的主權，避免與中國在南海的霸權論述一起陪葬。在舊金山國際和約生效的1952年關鍵時間之後，太平島的法律狀態是處於被日本拋棄的無主地，即使回復到1920年被日本年併吞前的無人島狀態，或是1939年以後屬於台灣總督府高雄州的領土時代，近代太平島開發活動中，關係最密切的仍然是台灣與日本，而日本已經在舊金山和約中拋棄南沙的主權。目前為止，任何的歷史證據，都不易挑戰台灣當局已經在1956年已經對太平島進行先佔，並持續有效管理至今，已經長達60年的權利主張。在南海仲國際裁後，以先佔原則主張「太平島是我們的，南海是大家的。」將是對台灣最有利的南海主張。 The International Court of Arbitration ruled that the South China Sea U-shaped line, based on the Chinese map in 1947, lacked legitimacy and ruled that China would not enjoy such historical rights in the South China Sea. Taiwan, which is a member of the international rule of law society, is aiming at the development of the new southward policy of the neighboring Southeast Asian countries. For the sovereignty of Taiping Island, its sovereignty should be discussed in international law, and the historical right of U-line should be given the same as that of China. The ＂preemption and practical management＂ of the discussion to ensure that our country on the Pacific Island (Itu Aba, Long Island) sovereignty, to avoid with China in the South China Sea hegemony with the funeral. After the critical time of the 1952 international strike in San Francisco, the legal status of Taiping Island was in the absence of land in Japan, even if it returned to the unmanned island state before the year of annexation in 1920, or after 1939, In the territory of the state of Kaohsiung, in the development of modern Taiping Island, the closest relationship was Taiwan and Japan, while Japan had abandoned the sovereignty of Nansha in the San Francisco peace treaty. So far, any historical evidence is not easy to challenge the Taiwan authorities have been in 1956 to Taiping Island preemption, and continued effective management so far, has been up to 60 years of claims. In the South China Sea after the international cut, to preach the principle of ＂peace is our country, the South China Sea is everyone.＂ Will be the most favorable South China Sea in Taiwan advocate.