休閒潛水遊客與綠蠵龜的互動：小琉球永續觀光之分析

The Interaction between Recreationists and Green Sea Turtles: Assessing Sustainable Tourism in Liuqiu Island

本研究以小琉球為研究地點，利用二個階段進行研究，從休閒遊憩者與綠蠵龜互動的觀點探討島嶼永續觀光。第一階段利用田野調查法，以水肺潛水方法，調查遊客遊憩活動對綠蠵龜行為的影響。第二階段利用深入訪談，探討海洋保育與綠蠵龜觀光對小琉球永續觀光的影響。研究發現，休閒潛水活動的靠近行為，影響綠蠵龜採食、呼吸、休息、及偵搜等的時間與行為。當地居民及遊客的潛水及遊憩活動，和船隻的移動也會影響綠蠵龜的生存與棲息環境。由於小琉球獨特的綠蠵龜海洋生態觀光資源，建議當地觀光管理單位都應協助建立發展永續觀光機制，利用環境教育以提高對自然環境的保護行為。本研究提供了學術與管理實務之貢獻，有利島嶼永續觀光發展之參考。 This study aims to assess sustainable tourism on an island using the evidence from the interaction between recreationists and green sea turtles. Two stages of research were conducted on Liuqiu Island. During the first stage, a field survey approach was employed to survey how recreationists' recreational activities affect the behaviors of green sea turtles. In the second stage, an in-depth interview approach was carried out to assess how the marine conservation and green sea turtle tourism affects the island's sustainable tourism. The findings suggested that the recreationists' diving activities affected the sea turtles' behaviors of feeding, surfacing, resting, and investigating time. The diving and recreational activities of the recreationists and local residents as well as the movement of ships affected the survival of green sea turtles and their habitat use. Given that marine ecological tourism involving green sea turtles is unique to Liuqiu Island, the local tourism authority should establish mechanisms to locate and manage natural resources properly and implement environmental education to enhance the protection of the natural environment. This paper contributes to academic research and tourism management practices by presenting findings that can facilitate sustainable tourism development on islands.