美國的單邊主義行動違反國際法

The Unilateral Action of the Trump Administration Is Inconsistent with International Law

特朗普政府依據其國內法一再對世界多國的鋼鋁產品加徵關稅，又依據“301條款”對中國產品加徵關稅。美國的單邊行動不僅違反了GATT第1條最惠國待遇原則、第2條關稅減讓義務，也違反了國際法“條約必須遵守”和“禁止反言”原則。中國等WTO成員的反制措施符合GATT第21條“安全例外”規定，也是國際法允許的反制行為。

The Trump Administration imposed 25 percent and 10 percent of additional import duty respectively on certain steel products and aluminum products from many countries according to its domestic law and it also imposed an additional 25 percent ad valorem duty based on its Section 301 investigation against China. The unilateral action of the United States not only violated the MFN principle of Article 1 of GATT 1994 and the tariff binding obligation under Article 2 of GATT 1994, but also violated the principles of Pacta Sunt Servanda and Estoppel. The counter-measures taken by WTO Members, including China, are in conformity with Article 21 of GATT 1994 and are counter-measures permitted by international law.